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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis. This...
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of one, the...
Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance01:05

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance

The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...
NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling01:08

NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling

The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved in...
Paramagnetism01:30

Paramagnetism

Paramagnets are materials with unpaired electrons that possess a finite magnetic moment. In the absence of a magnetic field, these moments are randomly oriented, and thus the net moment is zero. Under an external field, a torque acting on the moments tends to align them along the field's direction. However, the random thermal motion of electrons produces a torque opposite to the external field and tries to disorient the moments. These two competing effects align only a few moments along the...
Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must have a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Site Directed Spin Labeling and EPR Spectroscopic Studies of Pentameric Ligand-Gated Ion Channels
11:19

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Published on: July 4, 2016

Spin pumping by parametrically excited exchange magnons.

C W Sandweg1, Y Kajiwara, A V Chumak

  • 1Fachbereich Physik and Forschungszentrum OPTIMAS, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany. sandweg@physik.uni-kl.de

Physical Review Letters
|June 25, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers detected exchange magnons using spin pumping and the inverse spin-Hall effect. This technique demonstrates wavelength integration down to the submicrometer scale, revealing magnon properties for enhanced spin pumping efficiency.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 31, 2026

Site Directed Spin Labeling and EPR Spectroscopic Studies of Pentameric Ligand-Gated Ion Channels
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Published on: July 4, 2016

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Published on: June 3, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Spintronics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Exchange magnons are fundamental quasiparticles in magnetic materials.
  • Detecting and characterizing magnons is crucial for developing advanced spintronic devices.
  • Current methods face limitations in resolving submicrometer magnon wavelengths.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally demonstrate the detection of exchange magnons.
  • To showcase the wavelength integrating capability of a combined technique.
  • To investigate the influence of magnon properties on spin pumping efficiency.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing spin pumping to inject magnons into a yttrium iron garnet (YIG) film.
  • Employing parametric pumping for magnon excitation.
  • Detecting the inverse spin-Hall effect in an adjacent platinum (Pt) layer.

Main Results:

  • Successful experimental detection of exchange magnons.
  • Demonstration of wavelength integration capability down to the submicrometer scale.
  • Revealed the impact of magnon density, wavelength, and spatial localization on spin pumping efficiency.

Conclusions:

  • The combined spin pumping and inverse spin-Hall effect is a viable method for detecting exchange magnons.
  • This technique offers submicrometer wavelength resolution.
  • Understanding magnon properties is key to optimizing spin pumping for spintronic applications.