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Related Concept Videos

Hematopoiesis01:21

Hematopoiesis

The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...
Overview of Hematopoiesis01:20

Overview of Hematopoiesis

Hematopoiesis, or blood cell production, is a vital biological process that begins early in embryonic development and continues throughout life. This process generates the various types of cells found in blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).
Developmental Phases of Hematopoiesis
Initially, HSCs are formed in the embryonic yolk sac, a critical site for early blood cell production. These stem cells subsequently migrate to other...
Blood Transfusion and Agglutination02:45

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination

Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
History
The history of blood transfusion dates back to the 17th century, when early attempts were made in animals. In 1818 James Blundell, a British doctor, performed the first successful human blood transfusion. Later in 1900, Karl...
Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants01:22

Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants

Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
The transplant begins with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which aim to destroy the...
Disorders of Erythrocytes01:27

Disorders of Erythrocytes

Disorders of erythrocytes, or red blood cells (RBCs), include a range of conditions affecting their number, shape, or function.
Erythrocyte disorders can be broadly categorized into two main types: anemic and polycythemic conditions.
A low oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood due to the loss, lower production, or destruction of erythrocytes is termed anemia. Hemorrhagic anemia, for example, occurs when bleeding from an external wound or internal ulcer reduces erythrocyte counts.
On the other...

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A Comprehensive Pipeline to Assess the Efficiency of Human Erythropoiesis In Vitro and Ex Vivo
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Pancytopenia: a clinico hematological study.

B N Gayathri1, Kadam Satyanarayan Rao

  • 1Department of Pathology, SDUMC, Tamaka, Kolar, India.

Journal of Laboratory Physicians
|June 25, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pancytopenia, a condition with low blood cell counts, is most commonly caused by megaloblastic anemia. Bone marrow aspiration is crucial for diagnosing pancytopenia and guiding treatment.

Keywords:
Bone marrow aspirationmegaloblastic anemiapancytopenia

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Clinical Pathology

Background:

  • Pancytopenia presents a diagnostic challenge, often indicating serious underlying conditions like megaloblastic anemia, aplastic anemia, or leukemia.
  • Accurate diagnosis of pancytopenia is essential for effective management and prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical manifestations of pancytopenia across various etiologies.
  • To evaluate hematological parameters and bone marrow findings in pancytopenic patients.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving 104 patients with pancytopenia.
  • Clinical evaluation, hematological parameter assessment, and bone marrow aspiration were performed.

Main Results:

  • Megaloblastic anemia was the leading cause of pancytopenia (74.04%), followed by aplastic anemia (18.26%).
  • Common symptoms included generalized weakness and fever, with pallor being the most frequent physical finding.
  • Bone marrow aspiration confirmed hypercellularity with megaloblastic erythropoiesis as the predominant finding.

Conclusions:

  • Bone marrow aspiration is a definitive diagnostic tool for identifying the causes of pancytopenia.
  • Comprehensive hematological investigations, including bone marrow analysis, aid in understanding disease processes and planning patient management.