Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 31, 2026

Two Methods for Establishing Primary Human Endometrial Stromal Cells from Hysterectomy Specimens
Published on: May 23, 2014
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) regulation of galectin-3 expression in endometrial epithelial cells and
Huan Yang1, Cai Xia Lei, Wei Zhang
1Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Abstract:
Previous investigations on galectin-3 (gal-3) have focused mainly on its role in some malignant tumors. It was believed that gal-3 plays important roles in cell proliferation, apoptosis and adhesion in many cell types. Recently, gal-3 has been recognized as a factor related to endometrial receptivity in the human endometrium and trophoblast during embryo implantation. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a specific embryonic hormone providing a signal from the embryo involved in preparing the receptive endometrium for embryo implantation. The current study aimed to determine whether hCG regulates gal-3 expression in endometrial cells. Our results showed that expression of gal-3 in both endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) and endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) could be regulated by hCG in an intricate manner. These results indicate that gal-3 might be regulated by hCG in preparing the endometrium for embryonic implantation.
Related Concept Videos
Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH release.
Ovarian Cycle
Gonadal and Placental Hormones
In males, testosterone is the primary gonadal androgen. It plays a central role in the maturation of male reproductive organs — the penis and testes. Additionally, testosterone is instrumental in the development of secondary sexual characteristics — a deep voice as well as facial and pubic hair growth — and...
Transcytosis of IgG
IgG molecules from a mother undergo transcytosis starting around 13 weeks of gestation. The amount of IgG transferred and entering the fetal blood circulation increases with...
GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity
Two...

