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Selective inner retinal dysfunction in growth hormone transgenic mice.

Brent T Martin1, Edward O List, John J Kopchick

  • 1Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2H7.

Growth Hormone & IGF Research : Official Journal of the Growth Hormone Research Society and the International IGF Research Society
|June 28, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Growth hormone (GH) in the retina affects vision. Bovine GH (bGH) transgenic mice showed inner retinal defects, specifically impacting oscillatory potentials (OPs) on electroretinogram (ERG) tests.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Endocrinology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Local production of growth hormone (GH) and its receptor in the rodent retina suggests a role in retinal function.
  • Investigating GH's impact on retinal physiology is crucial for understanding visual system health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the effect of bovine GH (bGH) expression on retinal function using electroretinogram (ERG) in transgenic mice.
  • To assess potential inner retinal defects caused by elevated GH levels.

Main Methods:

  • Electroretinograms (ERGs) were recorded from wild-type (WT) and bGH transgenic mice.
  • Analysis included a-wave, b-wave, and oscillatory potentials (OPs) amplitude and implicit time.
  • Retinal histology, including layer size, nuclei number, and vascularization, was examined.

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Main Results:

  • bGH mice exhibited selective defects in oscillatory potentials (OPs), with reduced amplitudes and prolonged implicit times for OP3 and OP4.
  • Fast Fourier transform analysis showed a significantly reduced dominant frequency of OPs in bGH mice.
  • No significant changes in retinal histology were observed, except for an increased axial length of the eye.

Conclusions:

  • Mice expressing bGH demonstrate a selective inner retinal defect, evidenced by specific ERG abnormalities.
  • The observed OP defect in bGH mice mirrors findings in human diabetic retinopathy and related animal models.
  • These results highlight GH's role in modulating retinal function and suggest potential links to retinal diseases.