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Can cardiac surgery cause hypopituitarism?

Flverly Francis1, Ines Burger, Eva Maria Poll

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.

Pituitary
|June 28, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Cardiac on-pump surgery does not cause significant pituitary dysfunction. Post-operative psychosocial impairments in patients are not explained by hypopituitarism following this cardiac surgery.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Cardiology
  • Neurosurgery

Background:

  • Pituitary apoplexy and hypopituitarism are rare complications after cardiac surgery.
  • On-pump cardiac surgery poses risks to pituitary function due to its vascular supply not being autoregulated.
  • Post-operative symptoms in patients can mimic hypopituitarism, necessitating investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if on-pump cardiac surgery induces pituitary dysfunction in patients without pre-existing pituitary disease.
  • To determine the relationship between potential hormonal changes and psychosocial impairments after surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed 25 patients 3-12 months post-on-pump cardiac surgery.
  • Measured basal anterior pituitary hormone levels and performed synacthen and GHRH-ARG tests.
  • Evaluated quality of life, depression, distress, sleep quality, and fatigue using self-rating questionnaires.

Main Results:

  • No significant anterior hypopituitarism was detected; only two overweight patients showed insufficient growth hormone response.
  • Hormonal levels did not correlate with the pronounced psychosocial impairments observed.
  • Psychosocial issues included depression, reduced mental quality of life, dysfunctional coping, and sleep disturbances.

Conclusions:

  • On-pump cardiac surgery did not lead to relevant hypopituitarism in the studied patient cohort.
  • The observed psychosocial symptoms in patients are not attributable to pituitary dysfunction caused by the surgery.