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Holistic Facial Composite Creation and Subsequent Video Line-up Eyewitness Identification Paradigm
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Mock jury research: where do we go from here?

Richard L Wiener1, Daniel A Krauss, Joel D Lieberman

  • 1University of Nebraska at Lincoln, USA. rwiener2@unl.edu

Behavioral Sciences & the Law
|June 28, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Jury research validity hinges on more than just sample selection; it involves complex interactions between sample characteristics and construct validity. A two-stage research approach is recommended for enhanced credibility and generalizability in social science findings.

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Area of Science:

  • Social Science Research
  • Psychological Research
  • Jury Research

Background:

  • Cook and Campbell's traditional approach defines four key validity types: internal, statistical conclusion, external, and construct validity.
  • Generalizability in jury research faces threats beyond simple sample selection, particularly concerning interactions with construct validity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the four types of validity in social science and psychological research.
  • To identify the primary threats to the generalizability and validity of jury research.
  • To propose a methodological framework for enhancing the credibility of jury research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of established validity frameworks (Cook and Campbell).
  • Analysis of generalizability threats in jury research, focusing on sample characteristics and construct validity.
  • Illustration of validity issues using case studies from the accompanying volume.

Main Results:

  • The primary threat to jury research validity is the interaction between sample characteristics and construct validity, not just the use of undergraduate mock jurors.
  • Undergraduate mock jurors may respond differently to experimental paradigms compared to representative community samples.
  • Validity issues are illustrated across seven empirical studies presented in the volume.

Conclusions:

  • A two-stage research process is advocated to improve the credibility and generalizability of jury research findings.
  • Initial findings from convenience samples should be confirmed using more realistic trial processes and representative samples.
  • Addressing the interplay of sample and construct validity is crucial for robust jury research.