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[Thorotrastoses--viewed in retrospect (author's transl)].

J Autenrieth, S Lange

    Rontgen-Blatter; Zeitschrift Fur Rontgen-Technik Und Medizinisch-Wissenschaftliche Photographie
    |February 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary

    Thorium dioxide (Thorotrast) provided excellent contrast but caused serious late complications due to radioactivity. This review highlights its association with fibrosis, malignant tumors, and particularly hepatomas.

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    Area of Science:

    • Radiology
    • Nuclear Medicine
    • Oncology

    Background:

    • Thorium dioxide (Thorotrast) was a widely used intravascular contrast agent from 1930-1945.
    • Its excellent radiopacity and initial tolerability led to widespread clinical adoption.
    • Concerns regarding long-term safety emerged due to its radioactive properties.

    Observation:

    • Thorotrast exhibits a long biological half-life, leading to prolonged internal radiation exposure.
    • Patients administered Thorotrast developed significant late-onset complications.
    • Observed complications include tissue fibrosis and the development of malignant neoplasms.

    Findings:

    • Hepatoma (liver cancer) is identified as the most frequent severe complication.
    • Two illustrative cases of Thorotrast-induced hepatoma are presented.
    • The latency period between administration and tumor development can be decades.

    Implications:

    • This highlights the critical importance of understanding the long-term risks associated with radioactive contrast agents.
    • Clinical practice has evolved to favor non-radioactive imaging modalities.
    • Awareness of Thorotrast's risks is crucial for managing patients with historical exposure.

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