The transmission of digenetic trematodes: style, elegance, complexity

Gerald W Esch1, Michael A Barger, K Joel Fellis

  • 1Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109.

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Excavata is a diverse group of protists that includes both chemoorganotrophic and phototrophic species, with some thriving in anaerobic environments. Among the key groups within Excavata are diplomonads and parabasalids, which are flagellated protists that lack mitochondria and chloroplasts. These microorganisms typically inhabit anoxic environments, such as the intestines of animals, where they exist either symbiotically or as parasites, relying on fermentation for energy production. Some...
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