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Medication utilization and illness management study in Nigeria.

Ehijie F O Enato¹, Adebukola A Sounyo, Thomas R Einarson

¹Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria. enatoefo@uniben.edu

The Annals of Pharmacotherapy

|June 30, 2011

Summary

Illness is common in Nigeria, with most cases self-treated using antibiotics and antimalarials. Medications are also frequently used for household illness prevention, highlighting drug utilization patterns.

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Area of Science:

Global Health
Pharmacoeconomics
Epidemiology

Background:

Limited data exists on illness prevalence, management, and drug use in developing nations.
Understanding these patterns is crucial for public health interventions in resource-limited settings.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the patterns of illness and drug utilization within urban and rural Nigerian households.
To provide insights into healthcare-seeking behaviors and medication practices.

Main Methods:

A validated survey collected data through face-to-face interviews in Edo State, Nigeria.
A random sample of households was selected, with data on recent illnesses, demographics, and treatment-seeking behaviors gathered.
Descriptive statistics were employed to analyze the collected data.

Main Results:

A high response rate (90.5%) was achieved from 497 participants, with 79.5% reporting illnesses in the preceding two weeks.
Malaria and upper respiratory symptoms were the most prevalent conditions. Self-treatment was common (44.8%), with a high proportion using antibiotics and antimalarials.
Over 42% of households kept drugs for prevention, primarily analgesics and antimalarials.

Conclusions:

Illness occurs frequently in Nigeria, with a strong tendency towards self-treatment using antibiotics and antimalarials.
Medications are the predominant method for household illness prevention.
These findings underscore the need for targeted health strategies addressing prevalent illnesses and drug use patterns.