Lung and lupus vulgaris.

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Infectious Diseases
• Pulmonology

Background:

• Lupus vulgaris is a chronic, paucibacillary cutaneous tuberculosis affecting individuals with moderate immunity.
• Lesions typically manifest on the head and neck, but atypical presentations occur.
• Cutaneous tuberculosis can be a sign of systemic disease.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report an unusual case of lupus vulgaris presenting with cutaneous ulcers and pleural effusion.
• To emphasize the importance of considering systemic diseases in atypical skin manifestations.

Main Methods:

• Case presentation of a 38-year-old female with respiratory symptoms.
• Clinical examination revealing skin ulcers and pleural effusion.
• Diagnostic investigations including chest X-ray, pleural fluid analysis, and skin biopsy.

Main Results:

• Patient presented with breathlessness, low-grade fever, and bilateral lumbar skin ulcers.
• Chest X-ray confirmed right-sided pleural effusion.
• Pleural fluid and skin biopsy confirmed tuberculous etiology.
• Patient responded well to antituberculous drugs.

Conclusions:

• This case demonstrates an atypical presentation of lupus vulgaris.
• Cutaneous manifestations can indicate underlying systemic tuberculosis, even with unusual lesion locations.
• Prompt diagnosis and treatment of cutaneous tuberculosis are crucial for managing systemic disease.