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Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...

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Updated: May 31, 2026

Quantitative Mapping of Specific Ventilation in the Human Lung using Proton Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Oxygen as a Contrast Agent

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Respiratory-induced prostate motion: characterization and quantification in dynamic MRI.

Julien Dinkel¹, Christian Thieke, Christian Plathow

¹Department of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany. j.dinkel@dkfz-heidelberg.de

Strahlentherapie Und Onkologie : Organ Der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [Et Al]

|June 30, 2011

Summary

Dynamic MRI reveals prostate movement during breathing and abdominal muscle contraction. While breathing causes minimal prostate motion, abdominal contraction leads to significantly larger displacements, impacting radiotherapy planning.

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Area of Science:

Radiology
Medical Imaging
Oncology

Background:

Prostate movement during respiration and abdominal muscle contraction is a critical factor in radiotherapy.
Accurate assessment of prostate motion is essential for effective image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT).

Purpose of the Study:

To quantify prostate motion using dynamic MRI during deep breathing and abdominal muscle contraction.
To evaluate the clinical implications of observed prostate motion for IGRT of prostate cancer.

Main Methods:

Dynamic 2D balanced SSFP MRI was performed on 43 patients and 8 volunteers.
Sagittal images captured prostate motion along craniocaudal and anteroposterior axes during respiration and coughing maneuvers.
Prostate displacement was semi-automatically quantified using dedicated software.

Main Results:

Mean respiratory prostate displacement was 2.7 mm (craniocaudal) and 1.8 mm (anteroposterior), with 69% showing <3 mm motion.
Abdominal contraction induced significantly greater prostate displacement: mean 8.4 mm (craniocaudal) and 8.3 mm (anteroposterior).

Conclusions:

Dynamic MRI is a valuable noninvasive tool for real-time prostate motion imaging.
Findings suggest the need for further research into dynamic MRI applications for personalized IGRT planning.
Potential applications include integrated linac/MRI systems for enhanced treatment accuracy.