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Related Concept Videos

NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling01:08

NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling

The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved in...
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Ferromagnetism

Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
Raman Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

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The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
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Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

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In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
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Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
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Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)

Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
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Spin-phonon coupling in multiferroic YbMnO(3) studied by Raman scattering.

H Fukumura1, N Hasuike, H Harima

  • 1Department of Electronics, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.

Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal
|July 1, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Raman scattering reveals spin-phonon coupling in hexagonal YbMnO(3) below its magnetic transition temperature (T(N) ~80 K). This coupling influences phonon modes, with Al substitution further supporting these findings.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Hexagonal YbMnO(3) exhibits complex magnetic and structural properties.
  • Understanding spin-phonon coupling is crucial for novel material functionalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate spin-phonon coupling in hexagonal YbMnO(3) using Raman spectroscopy.
  • To identify phonon modes and their temperature-dependent behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Preparation of hexagonal YbMnO(3) bulk polycrystals.
  • Raman scattering measurements conducted across a temperature range of 15-300 K.
  • Analysis of phonon mode frequencies and their anomalies.

Main Results:

  • Identification of 15 phonon modes (A(1), E(1), E(2)).
  • Anomalous temperature variations in E(2) phonon modes near T(N) ~80 K.
  • Softening of an A(1) phonon mode associated with O-Mn vibrations at T(N).
  • Evidence of spin-phonon coupling below T(N), supported by Al substitution effects.

Conclusions:

  • Raman scattering confirms spin-phonon coupling in hexagonal YbMnO(3) below its magnetic ordering temperature.
  • The observed phonon anomalies provide direct evidence of the interaction between magnetic and vibrational degrees of freedom.
  • Al substitution on Mn sites influences the spin-phonon coupling, offering avenues for material tuning.