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Long range surface plasmon-coupled fluorescence emission for biosensor applications.

Koji Toma¹, Jakub Dostalek, Wolfgang Knoll

¹AIT-Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Health and Environment Department, Vienna, Austria.

|July 1, 2011

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This study introduces a novel biosensor using long range surface plasmons (LRSPs) for enhanced fluorescence detection of biomolecules within a hydrogel matrix. The method offers improved sensitivity and lower angle detection compared to existing techniques.

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Optics
Materials Science

Background:

Plasmon-enhanced fluorescence (PEF) is crucial for sensitive biomolecule detection.
Existing methods like surface plasmon-enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy (SPFS) and surface plasmon-coupled emission (SPCE) have limitations in detection range and signal intensity.
A need exists for biosensing platforms with extended probing capabilities and enhanced fluorescence collection efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and investigate a novel biosensor scheme utilizing long range surface plasmons (LRSPs) for enhanced fluorescence detection.
To experimentally and theoretically evaluate the performance of LRSPs in a hydrogel matrix for biomolecule sensing.
To compare the LRSP-based approach with conventional SPFS and SPCE methods.

Main Methods:

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Utilized the Kretschmann configuration of the attenuated total reflection (ATR) method.
Fabricated a layered structure comprising a low refractive index fluoropolymer, a thin gold film, and an N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm)-based hydrogel matrix.
Employed LRSPs to probe biomolecule binding within the hydrogel matrix up to micrometer distances from the gold surface.

Main Results:

Demonstrated efficient excitation and collection of fluorescence light from fluorophore-labeled biomolecules.
Observed an extended field of LRSPs probing biomolecule binding within the hydrogel matrix.
Achieved a narrower angular distribution of fluorescence intensity, larger peak intensity, and excitation/emission at lower angles compared to SPFS and SPCE.

Conclusions:

The developed LRSP-based biosensor scheme offers significant advantages for biomolecule detection in hydrogel matrices.
This approach enhances fluorescence signal collection and extends the probing range, outperforming traditional SPFS and SPCE methods.
The findings pave the way for more sensitive and efficient biosensing applications.