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Related Concept Videos

Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...
Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial exposure to a...
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions01:29

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions

Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH), or Type IV hypersensitivity, is a cell-mediated immune response. It occurs when T cells, rather than antibodies, mediate a reaction to specific antigens. It is characterized by a delayed onset (1-2 days) and involves the recruitment of macrophages to the inflammation site.The initiation of a DTH response begins with the sensitization of T cells. During this phase, which lasts at least 1-2 weeks, antigen-specific T cells are activated, clonally expanded, and...
Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum sickness, a systemic...
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Ultrasound-Guided Needle Release Combined with Corticosteroid Injection for the Treatment of Supinator Syndrome
05:18

Ultrasound-Guided Needle Release Combined with Corticosteroid Injection for the Treatment of Supinator Syndrome

Published on: May 26, 2023

Immediate and delayed hypersensitivity to corticosteroids.

Sarah Basedow1, Sibylle Eigelshoven, Bernhard Homey

  • 1Department of Dermatology, University of Munich, Germany.

Journal Der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG
|July 2, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hypersensitivity reactions to corticosteroids, while paradoxical due to their anti-inflammatory effects, are common. Allergologic testing is crucial for diagnosing these reactions and identifying safe alternative corticosteroids.

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Trans-vivo Delayed Type Hypersensitivity Assay for Antigen Specific Regulation

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 31, 2026

Ultrasound-Guided Needle Release Combined with Corticosteroid Injection for the Treatment of Supinator Syndrome
05:18

Ultrasound-Guided Needle Release Combined with Corticosteroid Injection for the Treatment of Supinator Syndrome

Published on: May 26, 2023

Induction and Monitoring of Adoptive Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity in Rats
22:06

Induction and Monitoring of Adoptive Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity in Rats

Published on: October 1, 2007

Trans-vivo Delayed Type Hypersensitivity Assay for Antigen Specific Regulation
11:49

Trans-vivo Delayed Type Hypersensitivity Assay for Antigen Specific Regulation

Published on: May 2, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Dermatology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Corticosteroids are widely used for allergies and intolerances.
  • Hypersensitivity reactions to corticosteroids are paradoxically common despite their anti-inflammatory properties.
  • Delayed-type hypersensitivity is a frequent clinical observation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the clinical presentation of delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions to corticosteroids.
  • To emphasize the occurrence and diagnostic necessity of immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions.
  • To underscore the importance of allergologic testing for corticosteroid hypersensitivity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical manifestations of corticosteroid hypersensitivity.
  • Discussion of diagnostic approaches including allergologic testing.
  • Analysis of immediate and delayed hypersensitivity reaction patterns.

Main Results:

  • Delayed-type hypersensitivity presents as non-responding eczema, subacute contact eczema, systemic contact dermatitis, or maculopapular exanthemas.
  • Immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions, though uncommon, can lead to severe outcomes like anaphylaxis or worsening of allergic conditions.
  • Prompt diagnosis via allergologic testing is essential.

Conclusions:

  • Delayed-type hypersensitivity to corticosteroids is a frequent clinical issue.
  • Immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions require careful diagnosis and management.
  • Allergologic testing is vital for identifying specific corticosteroid hypersensitivities and guiding alternative treatment selection.