Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor, and heat...
Graves' Disease I: Introduction01:28

Graves' Disease I: Introduction

Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, or overactivity of the thyroid gland. It results from autoantibodies called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs), which bind to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, leading to overstimulation of hormone production and a hypermetabolic state.EtiologyAlthough considered idiopathic, Graves’ disease has well-established contributing factors. There is a strong genetic component, with increased prevalence in...
Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction01:25

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

Hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis characterized by the thyroid gland's overproduction of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This hormone excess increases the basal metabolic rate and enhances sensitivity to catecholamines.DiagnosisDiagnosis is based on clinical features and biochemical testing. It typically shows suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels below 0.4 mIU/L, with elevated free T3 and/or T4. Additional tests, including thyroid...
Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH receptors...
Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:23

Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hypothyroidism is a disorder characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, energy balance, and multiple organ systems.TypesHypothyroidism is classified based on the level of dysfunction. Primary hypothyroidism results from intrinsic thyroid gland dysfunction, causing reduced hormone production despite normal or increased stimulation. Secondary hypothyroidism arises from inadequate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion by the pituitary. Tertiary...
Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Heron, a Knowledge Graph editor for intuitive implementation of Python-based experimental pipelines.

eLife·2025
Same author

Achievements in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Insulin Resistance: Every Step Matters.

Nutrients·2025
Same author

Burnout Related to Diabetes Mellitus: A Critical Analysis.

Clinical practice and epidemiology in mental health : CP & EMH·2023
Same author

Acute Effects of Dietary Fiber in Starchy Foods on Glycemic and Insulinemic Responses: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Crossover Trials.

Nutrients·2023
Same author

A modern web-based health promotion program for patients in Greece with diabetes 2 and obesity: an interventional study.

BMC public health·2023
Same author

A robust role for motor cortex.

Frontiers in neuroscience·2023

Related Experiment Videos

Thyroid disease in older people.

Panayota Mitrou1, Sotirios A Raptis, George Dimitriadis

  • 1Hellenic National Center for Research, Prevention and Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus and its Complications (HNDC), Athens, Greece.

Maturitas
|July 2, 2011
PubMed
Summary

As people age, thyroid function changes, leading to higher rates of thyroid dysfunction in the elderly. Early diagnosis and treatment of thyroid disorders in older adults are crucial to reduce associated health risks.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Endocrinology
  • Thyroidology

Background:

  • Aging alters thyroid hormone secretion, metabolism, and action.
  • Elderly individuals exhibit decreased serum thyroid stimulating hormone and T3, with stable free T4.
  • Thyroid dysfunction prevalence is higher in the elderly population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review age-related changes in thyroid function.
  • To discuss clinical manifestations and diagnosis of thyroid disorders in the elderly.
  • To summarize treatment considerations for thyroid disease in older adults.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of age-related thyroid function changes.
  • Analysis of clinical presentations of thyroid disorders in aging.
  • Synthesis of current treatment guidelines for elderly patients.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Thyroid dysfunction is more common in the elderly, with subtle or atypical symptoms.
  • Diagnosis can be complicated by non-thyroidal illnesses and medications.
  • Thyroid cancer prevalence and aggressiveness increase with age.

Conclusions:

  • Age-related thyroid changes necessitate careful clinical evaluation.
  • Prompt diagnosis and management of thyroid disorders are vital for elderly health outcomes.
  • Individualized treatment plans considering age and risk factors are essential.