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Related Concept Videos

Formation of Species01:31

Formation of Species

Speciation describes the formation of one or more new species from one or sometimes multiple original species. The resulting species are discrete from the parent species, and barriers to reproduction will typically exist. There are two primary mechanisms, speciation with and without geographic isolation—allopatric and sympatric speciation, respectively.
What is a Species?01:17

What is a Species?

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Hybrid Zones02:29

Hybrid Zones

Hybrid zones are narrow regions where two closely related species interact, mate, and produce hybrids. Relative to either parent species, hybrids may possess distinct phenotypic or genetic differences that impact their survival and reproductive success. The genetic variances introduced by hybridization influence species diversity and speciation processes within the hybrid zone.
Diversity of Protists IV01:27

Diversity of Protists IV

Amoebozoa represent a diverse group of terrestrial and aquatic protists that utilize lobe-shaped pseudopodia for locomotion and feeding. This characteristic differentiates them from the Rhizaria, which possess threadlike pseudopodia. The primary classifications within Amoebozoa include gymnamoebas, entamoebas, and the plasmodial and cellular slime molds. Phylogenetic evidence indicates that Amoebozoa diverged from a lineage that ultimately gave rise to fungi and animals.Gymnamoebas and...
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Trihybrid Crosses

Trihybrid Crosses
Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
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Genetics of Speciation02:16

Genetics of Speciation

Speciation is the evolutionary process resulting in the formation of new, distinct species—groups of reproductively isolated populations.

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Sexual Crosses with the Mucoromycete Phycomyces blakesleeanus
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Interploidal hybridization and mating patterns in the Sphagnum subsecundum complex.

M Ricca1, P Szövényi, E M Temsch

  • 1Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. mdf7@duke.edu

Molecular Ecology
|July 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Hybridization between diploid and haploid Sphagnum lescurii occurs, forming triploid sporophytes with reduced fitness and viability. Despite this, genetic variation and introgression were observed in offspring, indicating complex speciation dynamics.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant biology
  • Evolutionary biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Polyploidization can lead to rapid speciation, but hybrid zones between parental species and polyploid derivatives are known.
  • Diploid Sphagnum lescurii is an allopolyploid originating from haploid S. lescurii (maternal) and S. subsecundum (paternal).

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate hybridization between allodiploid and haploid S. lescurii.
  • Assess fitness, spore viability, and offspring ploidy of hybrid sporophytes.
  • Determine the extent of introgression between interploid lineages.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of sporophyte formation and ploidy in a mixed population.
  • Comparative fitness assessment of hybrid and nonhybrid sporophytes.
  • Genetic analysis of offspring viability and introgression.

Main Results:

  • Triploid hybrid sporophytes formed, larger but with lower germination and slower development than nonhybrids.
  • Asymmetric hybridization occurred due to lack of haploid male gametophytes.
  • Offspring from triploid sporophytes were triploid but genetically variable, suggesting aberrant meiosis.

Conclusions:

  • Interploid hybridization in Sphagnum lescurii results in reduced offspring fitness but maintains genetic variation.
  • Asymmetric hybridization patterns are influenced by gametophyte availability.
  • Aberrant meiosis in triploid offspring warrants further investigation into speciation mechanisms.