Human Angiostrongylus cantonensis: an update.

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Parasitology
• Infectious Diseases
• Public Health

Background:

• Angiostrongylus cantonensis, the rat lungworm, is an emerging zoonotic pathogen responsible for human angiostrongyliasis.
• The parasite has expanded its geographical range from endemic areas in the Pacific and Southeast Asia to the Americas.
• Human infections are increasingly reported globally, highlighting its public health significance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive overview of Angiostrongylus cantonensis.
• To discuss the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and treatment of human angiostrongyliasis.
• To emphasize preventive measures against this parasitic infection.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on Angiostrongylus cantonensis.
• Analysis of reported outbreaks and case studies of human angiostrongyliasis.
• Synthesis of information on transmission routes, clinical symptoms, and therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

• Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection in humans, angiostrongyliasis, is characterized by eosinophilic meningitis and ocular manifestations.
• Human cases have been documented worldwide, with significant outbreaks in various regions.
• Effective treatment involves supportive care, corticosteroids, and anthelminthics.

Conclusions:

• Angiostrongylus cantonensis poses a significant and growing threat as a zoonotic pathogen.
• Public education on avoiding consumption of raw or undercooked intermediate and paratenic hosts is crucial for prevention.
• Continued surveillance and research are necessary to manage and control the spread of human angiostrongyliasis.