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The Effect of Aging on Tissues

Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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A Phenotyping Regimen for Genetically Modified Mice Used to Study Genes Implicated in Human Diseases of Aging
09:37

A Phenotyping Regimen for Genetically Modified Mice Used to Study Genes Implicated in Human Diseases of Aging

Published on: July 14, 2016

Immunogenetics of ageing.

E Naumova1, M Ivanova, G Pawelec

  • 1Department of Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Alexandovska, Sofia, Bulgaria. immunology@abv.bg

International Journal of Immunogenetics
|July 6, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genetic factors significantly influence human longevity, particularly immune system genes. This review explores how variations in genes like HLA and cytokines may impact lifespan and successful aging.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunogenetics
  • Genetics of Aging
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Human longevity is a complex trait influenced by genetics and environment, with heritability up to 25%.
  • Immune-related genes, including HLA and cytokine genes, are key candidates for longevity research due to their role in immunity and polymorphism.
  • Previous studies suggest a potential link between HLA class II specificities and longevity, though evidence remains inconclusive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize existing data on the role of specific immune genes in human longevity.
  • To highlight the potential of immunogenetic markers in understanding successful aging mechanisms.
  • To discuss the association of various immune genes with aging and lifespan.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of studies investigating immune gene polymorphisms and longevity.
  • Analysis of data concerning HLA, cytokine genes, Toll-like receptors, COX/LOX, CCR5, NK receptors, and MBL2 in relation to aging.
  • Evaluation of the functional significance of genetic variations in immune loci for aging processes.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests a possible association between HLA class II specificities and human longevity, but definitive proof is lacking.
  • Cytokine gene polymorphisms are hypothesized to influence longevity by modulating immune responses.
  • Other immune genes, including Toll-like receptors and MBL2, have been evaluated as potential biomarkers for aging.

Conclusions:

  • Immune gene variations, particularly in HLA and cytokine loci, are plausible candidates for influencing human longevity and successful aging.
  • Further research is needed to definitively establish the role of these immunogenetic factors in determining lifespan.
  • Polymorphisms in immune genes may serve as valuable biomarkers for understanding the complex mechanisms of aging.