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Gastroenteritis in children

Jacqueline R Dalby-Payne1, Elizabeth J Elliott

  • 1The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia.

BMJ Clinical Evidence
|July 6, 2011
PubMed

Insights

This systematic review evaluates interventions for preventing and treating acute gastroenteritis in children. Key findings cover rotavirus vaccines, rehydration solutions, and anti-vomiting medications, offering insights into effective management strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Evidence-Based Medicine

Background:

  • Acute gastroenteritis is a common gastrointestinal infection, primarily viral, causing diarrhea, vomiting, and dehydration.
  • Management focuses on fluid replacement to prevent or treat dehydration, regardless of the causative agent.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the effects of interventions for preventing acute gastroenteritis in children.
  • To systematically review the effects of treatments for acute gastroenteritis in children.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review of 20 studies, including systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and observational studies.
  • Searches conducted across major databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library) up to August 2007.
  • Inclusion of harms alerts from regulatory agencies (FDA, MHRA).

Main Results:

  • Identified 20 relevant studies meeting inclusion criteria.
  • Evaluated the quality of evidence for interventions using the GRADE system.
  • Synthesized information on the effectiveness and safety of various interventions.

Conclusions:

  • Rotavirus vaccines are effective for preventing gastroenteritis.
  • Enteral rehydration solutions and lactose-free feeds are recommended for treatment.
  • Ondansetron shows effectiveness in treating vomiting associated with gastroenteritis.
Abstract

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