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Related Concept Videos

Source And Potency Of Stem Cells01:27

Source And Potency Of Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with extensive self-renewal properties that help them maintain their population during the fetal and adult stages of life. They can specialize in all cell types of the human body. However, their differential potential may vary and can be classified into five types. Stem cells can be (1) Totipotent, (2) Pluripotent, (3) Multipotent, (4) Oligopotent, and (5) Unipotent. Each stem cell has a specific origin; the fertilized egg or zygote is a totipotent cell and...
Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell01:06

Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell

A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...
Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012 for this...
Maintenance of the ES Cell State01:14

Maintenance of the ES Cell State

The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic cells are...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Chemical Reversion of Conventional Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to a Na&#239;ve-like State with Improved Multilineage Differentiation Potency
09:07

Chemical Reversion of Conventional Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to a Naïve-like State with Improved Multilineage Differentiation Potency

Published on: June 10, 2018

Pluripotency without Max.

Katrin E Wiese, Martin Eilers

    Cell Stem Cell
    |July 6, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    The Myc/Max complex is crucial for embryonic stem cell (ESC) pluripotency. However, new research shows this requirement can be bypassed under specific culture conditions.

    More Related Videos

    Reprogramming Primary Amniotic Fluid and Membrane Cells to Pluripotency in Xeno-free Conditions
    09:34

    Reprogramming Primary Amniotic Fluid and Membrane Cells to Pluripotency in Xeno-free Conditions

    Published on: November 27, 2017

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: May 31, 2026

    Chemical Reversion of Conventional Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to a Na&#239;ve-like State with Improved Multilineage Differentiation Potency
    09:07

    Chemical Reversion of Conventional Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to a Naïve-like State with Improved Multilineage Differentiation Potency

    Published on: June 10, 2018

    Reprogramming Primary Amniotic Fluid and Membrane Cells to Pluripotency in Xeno-free Conditions
    09:34

    Reprogramming Primary Amniotic Fluid and Membrane Cells to Pluripotency in Xeno-free Conditions

    Published on: November 27, 2017

    Area of Science:

    • Stem cell biology
    • Molecular mechanisms of pluripotency
    • Gene regulation

    Background:

    • Myc/Max complexes are traditionally considered essential for maintaining embryonic stem cell (ESC) pluripotency and self-renewal.
    • Understanding the core regulatory networks governing ESC identity is critical for regenerative medicine and developmental biology.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate whether the Myc/Max complex is absolutely required for ESC self-renewal.
    • To identify alternative pathways or conditions that can support ESC maintenance without Myc/Max function.

    Main Methods:

    • Genetic manipulation of Myc/Max complex components in mouse ESCs.
    • Utilizing specific, well-defined cell culture conditions.
    • Assessing pluripotency markers and self-renewal capacity through various assays.

    Main Results:

    • Genetic evidence demonstrates that the requirement for Myc/Max complexes in ESCs can be bypassed.
    • Embryonic stem cells maintain pluripotency and self-renewal capabilities even when Myc/Max function is compromised, under specific culture conditions.
    • This suggests a conditional essentiality of the Myc/Max complex for ESC maintenance.

    Conclusions:

    • The essentiality of Myc/Max complexes for ESC pluripotency is not absolute and can be overcome.
    • Specific culture conditions can circumvent the need for Myc/Max, revealing plasticity in ESC regulatory networks.
    • These findings have implications for understanding stem cell biology and developing novel culture strategies.