Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 31, 2026

Laparoscopic Radical Gastrectomy for Remnant Gastric Cancer
Published on: October 31, 2025
[Node negative breast cancer. Beyond international consensus: a pragmatic approach]
Frédérique Penault-Llorca1, David Coeffic, Thierry Delozier
1Centre Jean-Perrin, service de pathologie, 58, rue Montalembert BP 392, 63011 Clermont-Ferrand, France. fpenault@cjp.fr
Abstract:
Apart from therapeutic advances related to new treatments, our practices in the management of early breast cancer have been modified by to key organizational settings (1) mass screening, substantially altering the presentation and epidemiology of breast cancer and (2) the development of guidelines to ensure that any patient management is in agreement with the demonstrated impact in the adjuvant treatment. In daily practice, the impact of screening and guidelines recommendations has put us now in a paradoxical situation: while the majority of non-metastatic breast cancers treated in the hexagon are node negative, most of the results of clinical studies on chemotherapy and targeted therapies today arise from populations predominantly node positive. Therefore, it seemed legitimate to convene a working group around a reflection on the directions of adjuvant chemotherapy in a growing node negative population in order to better respond to the questions of the field oncologists, trying to address the discrepancies between different existing guidelines.
Related Concept Videos
Treatment Resistant Cancers
Treatment Resistent Cancers
Cancer Prevention
Some...
Targeted Cancer Therapies
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Nursing Ethical Principles II
Consider the following scenario, which illustrates how these principles are applied in the care of Mr. John, a fifty-year-old teacher diagnosed with metastatic liver cancer.
Initially, Mr. John's cancer...
Cancer Therapies
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
