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Methamphetamine-associated psychosis.

Kathleen M Grant1, Tricia D LeVan, Sandra M Wells

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5300, USA. kathleen.grant2@va.gov

Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology : the Official Journal of the Society on Neuroimmune Pharmacology
|July 6, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Methamphetamine-associated psychosis (MAP) involves delusions and hallucinations, often requiring extended treatment. Research highlights genetic links and neurobiological changes, suggesting unique characteristics compared to other psychoses.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Methamphetamine (METH) abuse is prevalent in the U.S., frequently leading to psychosis.
  • Methamphetamine-associated psychosis (MAP) is characterized by persecutory delusions and auditory hallucinations.
  • Existing research on MAP risk factors is varied and predominantly from Asian populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of Methamphetamine-associated psychosis (MAP).
  • To identify risk factors, genetic associations, and neurobiological underpinnings of MAP.
  • To highlight research gaps and suggest future research directions for MAP.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on Methamphetamine-associated psychosis (MAP).
  • Analysis of identified risk factors, including substance use patterns, abuse history, and co-occurring disorders.
  • Examination of genetic associations and findings from rodent models studying METH effects.

Main Results:

  • MAP presents with persistent psychosis, potentially recurring without METH relapse.
  • Risk factors include duration/frequency/amount of METH use, sexual abuse, family history, and co-occurring disorders.
  • Seven candidate genes linked to MAP, with six also associated with schizophrenia, primarily involving glutamatergic neurotransmission.

Conclusions:

  • MAP may possess unique long-duration and recurrent psychosis characteristics.
  • Genetic and neurobiological factors play a significant role in MAP development.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand MAP's etiology and treatment.