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Cognitive Development During Adulthood01:30

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Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
07:01

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Published on: September 20, 2020

Training attentional control in older adults.

Anna Mackay-Brandt1

  • 1Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA. am3609@columbia.edu

Neuropsychology, Development, and Cognition. Section B, Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition
|July 7, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Training older adults using a variable priority task improved attentional control. Benefits transferred to similar tasks, but not general processing speed, suggesting context-specific improvements.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Attentional control training shows promise for older adults.
  • The validity and transferability of variable priority training tasks remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Characterize baseline performance on a variable priority task in healthy older adults.
  • Investigate the transfer of training benefits to analogous tasks and related cognitive measures.

Main Methods:

  • 105 healthy older adults completed baseline assessments.
  • A subset underwent 5 days of variable priority training.
  • Control and transfer groups were compared for performance gains and transfer effects.

Main Results:

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  • Baseline performance was explained by working memory and processing speed.
  • Training yielded significant improvements in speed and accuracy (ps <.001).
  • Transfer to an analogous task was observed (ps <.05), but not to general processing speed measures.

    • Conclusions:

    • Variable priority training robustly enhances attentional control in older adults.
    • Training benefits transfer to similar contexts but not necessarily to broader cognitive abilities like processing speed.
    • Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms underlying training-induced improvements and transfer limitations.