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Centrosome Duplication

Centrosome Duplication

The primary microtubule organizing center (MTOC) in animal cells is the centrosome. A centrosome has two cylindrical centrioles at its core. Each centriole consists of nine sets of three microtubules held together by proteins. The centrioles are positioned at right angles to each other and surrounded by a shapeless protein cloud called the pericentriolar matrix, or pericentriolar material (PCM).
To ensure that each daughter cell receives a centrosome after cell division, centrosome duplication...

Centrosome Duplication

Centrosome Duplication

The primary microtubule organizing center (MTOC) in animal cells is the centrosome. A centrosome has two cylindrical centrioles at its core. Each centriole consists of nine sets of three microtubules held together by proteins. The centrioles are positioned at right angles to each other and surrounded by a shapeless protein cloud called the pericentriolar matrix, or pericentriolar material (PCM).
To ensure that each daughter cell receives a centrosome after cell division, centrosome duplication...

Microtubule Instability

Microtubule Instability

Microtubules are hollow cylindrical filaments having a diameter of approximately 25 nm and a length that varies from 200 nm to 25 μm. GTP-bound tubulin subunits form αβ-heterodimers for microtubule assembly. These core building blocks interact longitudinally, polymerizing into protofilaments. The protofilaments then interact with one another through lateral bonding forces to form stable cylindrical microtubules. These cylindrical filaments are dynamic as they undergo repeated assembly and...

Microtubule Instability

Microtubule Instability

Microtubules are hollow cylindrical filaments having a diameter of approximately 25 nm and a length that varies from 200 nm to 25 μm. GTP-bound tubulin subunits form αβ-heterodimers for microtubule assembly. These core building blocks interact longitudinally, polymerizing into protofilaments. The protofilaments then interact with one another through lateral bonding forces to form stable cylindrical microtubules. These cylindrical filaments are dynamic as they undergo repeated assembly and...

Histone Variants at the Centromere

Histone Variants at the Centromere

Histone variants are the histone proteins with structural and sequence variations. These variants may be regarded as “mutant” forms that replace their canonical histone counterparts in the nucleosomes. Specific post-translational modifications on the histone variants enable further chromatin complexity and regulate tissue-specific gene expression. The most common histone variants are from histone H2A, H2B, and linker histone H1 families. However, several variants of histone H3 variants are also...

Anaphase Promoting Complex

Anaphase Promoting Complex

The stepwise destruction of specific proteins is necessary for the progression and completion of the cell cycle. Such proteins are ubiquitinated by ubiquitin ligases and then subsequently destroyed by the proteasome. The SCF (Skp1/Cullin/F-box) and the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) are two important ubiquitin ligases involved in cell cycle progression. While SCF is active throughout the cell cycle, APC gets activated during metaphase to anaphase transition. Cdc20 or Cdh1 binds to APC and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Real-Time Monitoring of Aurora kinase A Activation using Conformational FRET Biosensors in Live Cells

Real-Time Monitoring of Aurora kinase A Activation using Conformational FRET Biosensors in Live Cells

Published on: July 30, 2020

Control of centrin stability by Aurora A.

Kara B Lukasiewicz¹, Tammy M Greenwood, Vivian C Negron

¹Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America.

|July 7, 2011

Summary

Aurora A kinase stabilizes centrin, a protein crucial for cell division. This phosphorylation by Aurora A may drive centrosome amplification, a hallmark of cancer.

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Last Updated: May 31, 2026

Real-Time Monitoring of Aurora kinase A Activation using Conformational FRET Biosensors in Live Cells

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Published on: July 30, 2020

Quantitative Immunofluorescence Assay to Measure the Variation in Protein Levels at Centrosomes

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Published on: December 20, 2014

Live Cell Imaging to Assess the Dynamics of Metaphase Timing and Cell Fate Following Mitotic Spindle Perturbations

Live Cell Imaging to Assess the Dynamics of Metaphase Timing and Cell Fate Following Mitotic Spindle Perturbations

Published on: September 20, 2019

Area of Science:

Cell Biology
Molecular Oncology
Cancer Research

Background:

Aurora A kinase is implicated in cell transformation and centrosome amplification.
Overexpressed Aurora A and phosphorylated centrin are observed in human breast tumors with amplified centrosomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of Aurora A kinase in regulating centrin phosphorylation and stability.
To determine the link between Aurora A, centrin phosphorylation, and centrosome amplification in cancer.

Main Methods:

Examined Aurora A-mediated phosphorylation and localization of centrin at the centrosome.
Utilized overexpression systems of wild-type and mutant Aurora A and centrin.
Assessed the impact of centrin phosphorylation on its stability against proteasomal degradation.

Main Results:

Aurora A phosphorylates and localizes with centrin at the centrosome during mitosis.
Overexpression of Aurora A leads to increased centrin phosphorylation and centrosome amplification.
A centrin mutant mimicking phosphorylation enhances stability, while kinase-dead Aurora A reduces mitotic index and centrin phosphorylation.

Conclusions:

Centrin stability is partly regulated by Aurora A through phosphorylation.
Excess phosphorylated centrin may contribute to centrosome amplification in cancer cells.
Aurora A-mediated centrin regulation is a potential therapeutic target in oncology.