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Two-photon microscopy for chemical neuroscience.

Graham C R Ellis-Davies¹

¹Department of Neuroscience Mount Sinai School of Medicine NY NY 10029.

ACS Chemical Neuroscience

|July 7, 2011

Summary

Two-photon microscopy precisely stimulates neural activity and visualizes deep brain structures in vivo. This advanced imaging technique offers unprecedented control for neuroscience research.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Biophysics
Optical Imaging

Background:

Non-linear excitation microscopy uses pulsed near-infrared light for precise molecular activation.
Two-photon excitation confines molecular activation to sub-femtoliter volumes via simultaneous two-photon absorption.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the applications of two-photon microscopy in neuroscience.
To highlight its utility in stimulating neural processes and imaging deep tissues.

Main Methods:

Utilizing two-photon microscopy for uncaging signaling molecules like glutamate.
Employing two-photon fluorescence imaging for deep-tissue visualization in living animals.

Main Results:

Two-photon uncaging allows precise, controlled stimulation of synaptic activity, mimicking physiological conditions.
Two-photon fluorescence imaging enables visualization of neural structures at depths exceeding conventional confocal microscopy.

Conclusions:

Two-photon microscopy provides powerful tools for interrogating neural processes with high spatial and temporal control.
It significantly advances the ability to study cellular function and structure in vivo.

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