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Related Concept Videos

Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscosity02:57

Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscosity

Surface Tension
The various IMFs between identical molecules of a substance are examples of cohesive forces. The molecules within a liquid are surrounded by other molecules and are attracted equally in all directions by the cohesive forces within the liquid. However, the molecules on the surface of a liquid are attracted only by about one-half as many molecules. Because of the unbalanced molecular attractions on the surface molecules, liquids contract to form a shape that minimizes the number...
Surface Tension of Fluid01:22

Surface Tension of Fluid

Surface tension is a fundamental property of fluids, occurring at the boundary between a liquid and a gas or between two immiscible liquids. This phenomenon arises from the cohesive forces between molecules at the fluid's surface, creating an effect similar to a stretched elastic membrane. Inside each fluid, molecules are equally attracted in all directions by neighboring molecules, but surface molecules experience a net inward force, resulting in surface tension.
Surface tension varies with...
Surface Tension01:24

Surface Tension

Surface tension is defined as the force per unit length (γ) acting along the surface of a liquid. It arises due to strong intermolecular forces of attraction. A molecule located inside the bulk of the liquid is surrounded by other molecules and experiences equal forces in all directions. However, a molecule at the surface experiences unbalanced forces because there are more neighboring molecules below than above. This creates a net inward force that pulls surface molecules toward the interior,...
Cohesion01:07

Cohesion

Cohesion is the attraction between molecules of the same type, such as water molecules. Water molecules have an overall neutral charge but are polar molecule. An oxygen atom in one water molecule has a partial negative charge that can bind to a hydrogen atom with a partial positive charge in a second water molecule, forming a hydrogen bond. Each water molecule can form up to four hydrogen bonds with other water molecules. Hydrogen bonds are responsible for water's cohesive nature.
On a surface,...
Contact Angle01:13

Contact Angle

When a solid is dipped inside a liquid, the liquid surface becomes curved near the contact. For some solid–liquid interfaces, the liquid is pulled up along the solid, while for others, the liquid surface is convex or depressed near the solid surface. This phenomenon can be explained using the concept of cohesive and adhesive forces.
The adhesive force is the molecular force between molecules of different materials, that is, between the molecules of the solid and the liquid. The cohesive force...

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Pool-Boiling Heat-Transfer Enhancement on Cylindrical Surfaces with Hybrid Wettable Patterns
07:32

Pool-Boiling Heat-Transfer Enhancement on Cylindrical Surfaces with Hybrid Wettable Patterns

Published on: April 10, 2017

Anisotropic wetting on checkerboard-patterned surfaces.

Xueyun Zhang1, Yuan Cai, Yongli Mi

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|July 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microscale checkerboard surfaces exhibit anisotropic wetting, guiding water droplet movement along continuous lines. Nanowire modification results in isotropic, superhydrophobic surfaces.

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Area of Science:

  • Surface Science and Engineering
  • Microfluidics and Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Understanding surface wetting properties is crucial for controlling fluid behavior at the microscale.
  • Anisotropic wetting on patterned surfaces can direct fluid motion, but precise control remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate and characterize microscale checkerboard surfaces with anisotropic wetting properties.
  • To investigate the influence of surface patterns on water droplet dynamics and trajectories.
  • To explore the effect of nanowire modification on surface wettability.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of microscale checkerboard patterns with continuous central and discontinuous lateral lines.
  • Experimental observation and analysis of water droplet behavior on the patterned surfaces.
  • Surface modification using a layer of nanowires.

Main Results:

  • The checkerboard surfaces demonstrated anisotropic wetting properties.
  • Water droplets exhibited preferential movement parallel to the continuous central lines.
  • Nanowire modification led to isotropic and superhydrophobic surface characteristics.

Conclusions:

  • Microscale checkerboard patterns effectively control anisotropic water droplet movement.
  • Continuous lines play a significant role in dictating droplet trajectories.
  • Nanowire modification offers a route to achieve superhydrophobic and isotropic surfaces.