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Related Concept Videos

Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
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Toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasmosis, a zoonotic disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii, poses significant public health challenges globally due to its high seroprevalence and varied clinical manifestations. As an obligate intracellular parasite, T. gondii can infect all warm-blooded vertebrates, but felids are its only definitive hosts, shedding unsporulated oocysts into the environment. Humans typically acquire the infection through ingestion of tissue cysts in undercooked meat or oocysts from...
American Trypanosomiasis01:22

American Trypanosomiasis

Chagas disease, or American trypanosomiasis, is a vector-borne parasitic infection caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, a flagellated protozoan (kinetoplastid) of the family Trypanosomatidae. The disease is endemic in Latin America, although cases are increasingly reported worldwide due to human migration. Transmission most commonly occurs when feces of infected triatomine bugs contaminate bite wounds or mucosal surfaces; additional routes include congenital, transfusional, transplant-related, and oral...
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Leishmaniasis

Leishmaniasis is a protozoal disease caused by species of the genus Leishmania and transmitted through the bite of infected female sandflies. The parasite exists in two principal morphological forms during its life cycle. A sandfly acquires intracellular amastigotes from an infected reservoir host, such as a dog. Within the sandfly, these forms differentiate into motile, flagellated promastigotes. During a subsequent blood meal, promastigotes are injected into the human host, where they...
Trichomoniasis01:18

Trichomoniasis

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Diversity of Protists II01:27

Diversity of Protists II

Alveolates are a group of organisms recognized by the presence of alveoli, which are cytoplasmic sacs located beneath the cell membrane. While their function remains uncertain, alveoli may help regulate water balance by controlling how much water enters and leaves the cell. In dinoflagellates, these structures may serve as armor plates. There are three major types of alveolates: ciliates, which move using cilia; dinoflagellates, which use flagella for movement; and apicomplexans, which are...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Deep Dermal Injection As a Model of Candida albicans Skin Infection for Histological Analyses
10:45

Deep Dermal Injection As a Model of Candida albicans Skin Infection for Histological Analyses

Published on: June 13, 2018

Cutaneous protothecosis.

Paul B Hillesheim1, Soon Bahrami

  • 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA. pbhill01@gwise.louisville.edu

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
|July 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Prototheca species cause cutaneous infections in immunocompromised individuals. Early suspicion and diagnosis are crucial for effective treatment of this achlorophyllic algae infection.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 31, 2026

Deep Dermal Injection As a Model of Candida albicans Skin Infection for Histological Analyses
10:45

Deep Dermal Injection As a Model of Candida albicans Skin Infection for Histological Analyses

Published on: June 13, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Prototheca species are achlorophyllic algae causing infections, predominantly in immunocompromised patients.
  • Cutaneous protothecosis accounts for at least half of all infections and often presents on the face and extremities.
  • The condition is frequently misdiagnosed, leading to prolonged, ineffective treatments due to its similarity to fungal mycoses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the clinical and diagnostic features of cutaneous protothecosis.
  • To emphasize the importance of considering Prototheca infections in patients with suspected fungal infections.
  • To guide appropriate diagnostic and treatment strategies for cutaneous protothecosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentations and pathological findings of cutaneous protothecosis.
  • Discussion of diagnostic methods including histochemical stains (PAS, GMS) and culture (Sabouraud dextrose agar).
  • Analysis of treatment approaches involving surgical excision and antifungal agents.

Main Results:

  • Cutaneous protothecosis typically manifests as erythematous plaques, nodules, or superficial ulcers.
  • Prototheca organisms are visualized with PAS and GMS stains, with definitive diagnosis requiring culture.
  • Effective treatment often necessitates a combination of surgical intervention and antifungal therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Cutaneous protothecosis should be considered in lesions mimicking common fungal infections.
  • Prompt diagnosis through biopsy and culture is essential for successful management.
  • Integrated treatment combining surgery and antifungals improves patient outcomes.