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In Vivo Targeting of Neural Progenitor Cells in Ferret Neocortex by In Utero Electroporation
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Cryptococcus gattii chorioretinitis in a ferret.

Ernst-Otto Ropstad1, Marta Leiva, Teresa Peña

  • 1Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animal, Facultat de Veterinària, Servei d'Oftalmologia, Hospital Clínic Veterinari, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. ernst.ropstad@veths.no

Veterinary Ophthalmology
|July 8, 2011
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Summary

This study reports the first case of Cryptococcus gattii-induced exudative chorioretinitis in a ferret, leading to blindness and neurological complications. The infection highlights the importance of recognizing fungal causes of ocular disease in exotic pets.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Ophthalmology
  • Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Fungal infections, particularly Cryptococcus gattii, can cause severe systemic disease.
  • Ocular manifestations of fungal infections are less commonly reported in ferrets.
  • Exudative chorioretinitis presents a diagnostic challenge in small animal practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the first case of Cryptococcus gattii-induced exudative chorioretinitis in a ferret.
  • To describe the clinical presentation, diagnostic findings, and treatment of this condition.
  • To highlight the potential for fungal infections to cause blindness and neurological signs in ferrets.

Main Methods:

  • Ophthalmic examination including menace response, dazzle reflex, and fundic evaluation.
  • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Cryptococcus gattii confirmation.
  • Treatment with fluconazole and prednisone.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for neurological assessment.
  • Postmortem histopathology for definitive diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • A ferret presented with acute blindness due to bilateral exudative chorioretinitis.
  • Cryptococcus gattii infection was confirmed systemically and intraretinally.
  • Ocular complications included secondary cataracts, lens subluxation, and panretinal degeneration.
  • The ferret developed neurological signs, including ataxia and incontinence.
  • Histopathology confirmed disseminated cryptococcosis.

Conclusions:

  • Cryptococcus gattii can induce exudative chorioretinitis in ferrets, leading to vision loss.
  • Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial, although prognosis can be guarded.
  • This case underscores the importance of considering fungal infections in ferrets with ocular and neurological signs.