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Area of Science:

  • Neuroendocrinology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroradiology

Background:

  • Acromegaly is associated with affective disorders and structural brain changes.
  • Previous research indicates potential neurological effects of acromegaly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cognitive impairments in acromegaly patients.
  • To determine the association between cognitive deficits and structural brain alterations using MRI.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 55 acromegaly patients and 87 controls.
  • Cognitive assessment across attention, memory, and executive function domains.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate global and hippocampal volumes.

Main Results:

  • Significant cognitive impairments observed: up to 33.3% in attention, 24.1% in memory, and 16.7% in executive function.
  • 67.3% of patients showed impairment in at least one cognitive domain.
  • MRI revealed increased global and hippocampal grey and white matter volumes, especially early in the disease course.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive dysfunction, particularly attentional deficits, is prevalent in acromegaly.
  • Neuropsychological testing is crucial for the comprehensive diagnosis of acromegaly.
  • Brain structural changes in acromegaly may correlate with cognitive function.