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Related Concept Videos

The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Establishment of a Co-culture System of Patient-Derived Colorectal Tumor Organoids and Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs)
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Establishment of a Co-culture System of Patient-Derived Colorectal Tumor Organoids and Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs)

Published on: June 27, 2025

The colorectal tumor microenvironment: the next decade.

Nicole Beauchemin1

  • 1Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, McIntyre Building, Lab. 708, 3655 Promenade Sir-William-Osler, Montreal, QC, Canada, H3G 1Y6, nicole.beauchemin@mcgill.ca.

Cancer Microenvironment : Official Journal of the International Cancer Microenvironment Society
|July 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Colorectal cancer progression involves tumor microenvironment crosstalk and inflammation. Targeting microRNAs and genes like DDR2 offers new therapeutic strategies for colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment.

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Molecular Profiling of the Invasive Tumor Microenvironment in a 3-Dimensional Model of Colorectal Cancer Cells and Ex vivo Fibroblasts
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Last Updated: May 31, 2026

Establishment of a Co-culture System of Patient-Derived Colorectal Tumor Organoids and Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs)
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Published on: June 27, 2025

Real-time Imaging of Myeloid Cells Dynamics in ApcMin/+ Intestinal Tumors by Spinning Disk Confocal Microscopy
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Real-time Imaging of Myeloid Cells Dynamics in ApcMin/+ Intestinal Tumors by Spinning Disk Confocal Microscopy

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Molecular Profiling of the Invasive Tumor Microenvironment in a 3-Dimensional Model of Colorectal Cancer Cells and Ex vivo Fibroblasts
10:33

Molecular Profiling of the Invasive Tumor Microenvironment in a 3-Dimensional Model of Colorectal Cancer Cells and Ex vivo Fibroblasts

Published on: April 29, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Colorectal cancer (CRC) progression is influenced by tumor microenvironment interactions and inflammation.
  • Inflammation, driven by diet and lifestyle, involves cytokines and chemokines, with CCL2 targeting being a current approach.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and specific genes like Discoidin domain receptor-2 (DDR2) are emerging as key regulators in CRC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of microRNAs in regulating colorectal cancer-associated inflammation.
  • To investigate the function of DDR2 in colorectal cancer metastasis.
  • To identify novel therapeutic targets within the CRC tumor microenvironment.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of miRNA regulation of inflammatory pathways, including IL-6.
  • Investigation of miRNA control over metabolic genes (e.g., fatty acid synthase, carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1).
  • Characterization of DDR2's role in promoting metastasis through myofibroblasts, neoangiogenesis, and cancer cell proliferation.

Main Results:

  • MicroRNAs regulate colorectal cancer inflammation, impacting the IL-6 pathway, apoptosis, and VEGF secretion.
  • miRNAs influence metabolic gene expression relevant to cancer progression.
  • DDR2 receptor tyrosine kinase activity promotes CRC metastasis by enhancing pro-tumorigenic microenvironmental factors.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting microRNAs offers a novel strategy to modulate colorectal cancer-mediated inflammation.
  • DDR2 is a significant contributor to colorectal cancer metastasis and a potential therapeutic target.
  • Identifying gene signatures will yield new therapeutic targets for colorectal cancer in the future.