Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Animal Mitochondrial Genetics

Animal Mitochondrial Genetics

Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...

Mitochondrial Membranes

Mitochondrial Membranes

A single mitochondrion is a bean-shaped organelle enclosed by a double-membrane system. The outer membrane of mitochondria is smooth and contains many porins - the integral membrane transporters. Porins enable free diffusion of ions and small uncharged molecules through the outer mitochondrial membrane but limit the transport of molecules larger than 5000 Daltons. Further, the outer mitochondrial membrane forms a unique structure called membrane contact sites with other subcellular organelles,...

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...

Mitochondria

Mitochondria

Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...

Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria

Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria

Mitochondrial precursors are translocated to the internal subcompartments via independent mechanisms involving distinct protein machineries called translocases.
Sorting of outer membrane proteins:
Mitochondrial outer membrane proteins are of two types: the transmembrane, beta-barrel porins, and the membrane-anchored, alpha-helical proteins. Beta-barrel porin precursors are translocated by the TOM complex and inserted into the outer mitochondrial membrane by the SAM complex. In contrast,...

The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane

The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane

The inner mitochondrial membrane is the primary site of ATP synthesis. The inner membrane domain that forms a smooth layer adjacent to the outer membrane is called the inner boundary membrane. This domain contains membrane transporters that drive metabolites in and out of the mitochondria. In contrast, the inner membrane network that invaginates into the matrix space is called the cristae membrane. This domain accounts for principle mitochondrial function as it accommodates the protein...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Standardization of coagulometric tests in griffon vultures (<i>Gyps fulvus</i>): PT, aPTT and factor V reference values.

Frontiers in veterinary science·2026

Same author

Use of mannans as an elicitor of the defense response on Vitis vinifera against fungi causing Grapevine Trunk Diseases.

PloS one·2026

Same author

N-Acetylglucosamine Selectively Attenuates Neuroinflammation in a Mouse Model of Mitochondrial Dysfunction.

Acta physiologica (Oxford, England)·2026

Same author

Consensus document on frailty: conceptualization, detection, multidisciplinary management and future roadmap.

The journal of nutrition, health & aging·2026

Same author

Linguistic Disparities in Artificial Intelligence-Generated Patient Education for Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Pilot Study of Cross-Language Analysis of Leading Large Language Models.

JB & JS open access·2026

Same author

MelAnalyze: fact-checking melatonin claims using large language models and natural language inference.

BMC medical informatics and decision making·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Transmitochondrial Cybrid Generation Using Cancer Cell Lines

Transmitochondrial Cybrid Generation Using Cancer Cell Lines

Published on: March 17, 2023

Mitochondrial DNA and inflammatory diseases.

Germaine Escames¹, Luis Carlos López, José Antonio García

¹Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, Armilla, Granada, Spain.

|July 8, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction are linked, with impaired mitochondria increasing cell death and driving inflammatory diseases. Targeting mitochondria offers new therapeutic strategies for inflammatory and autoimmune conditions.

More Related Videos

Visualization of Mitochondrial Respiratory Function using Cytochrome C Oxidase / Succinate Dehydrogenase (COX/SDH) Double-labeling Histochemistry

Visualization of Mitochondrial Respiratory Function using Cytochrome C Oxidase / Succinate Dehydrogenase (COX/SDH) Double-labeling Histochemistry

Published on: November 23, 2011

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 31, 2026

Transmitochondrial Cybrid Generation Using Cancer Cell Lines

Transmitochondrial Cybrid Generation Using Cancer Cell Lines

Published on: March 17, 2023

Visualization of Mitochondrial Respiratory Function using Cytochrome C Oxidase / Succinate Dehydrogenase (COX/SDH) Double-labeling Histochemistry

Visualization of Mitochondrial Respiratory Function using Cytochrome C Oxidase / Succinate Dehydrogenase (COX/SDH) Double-labeling Histochemistry

Published on: November 23, 2011

Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Immunology
Cell Biology

Background:

Inflammation is associated with increased free radical production, impacting mitochondrial components like proteins, lipids, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA).
Mitochondrial impairment exacerbates reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, reducing ATP production and increasing cell death probability.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the intricate relationship between inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction.
To highlight the role of mitochondria as a key factor in inflammatory processes and diseases.
To underscore the potential of mitochondria as therapeutic targets for inflammatory conditions.

Main Methods:

Review of experimental evidence linking inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction.
Analysis of the impact of free radicals on mitochondrial integrity.
Examination of the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in various inflammatory diseases.
Investigation of the involvement of mitochondrial ROS and mtDNA in innate immunity.

Main Results:

Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in chronic inflammatory diseases, including neuromuscular and neurodegenerative disorders, often stemming from mtDNA mutations.
Progression of neurodegenerative, metabolic, and other inflammatory diseases is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, contributing to cell death.
Mitochondrial ROS and mtDNA play a direct role in the innate immune response.

Conclusions:

Mitochondrial impairment is a critical factor in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases.
Mitochondria, particularly their ROS production and mtDNA, are integral to innate immunity.
Targeting mitochondrial dysfunction presents a promising therapeutic avenue for treating inflammatory and auto-inflammatory diseases.