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Identifying Mutations by High Resolution Melting in a TILLING Population of Rice

Identifying Mutations by High Resolution Melting in a TILLING Population of Rice

Published on: September 2, 2019

The same regulatory point mutation changed seed-dispersal structures in evolution and domestication.

Nicolas Arnaud¹, Tom Lawrenson, Lars Østergaard

¹Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.

Current Biology : CB

|July 9, 2011

Summary

Gene regulatory changes drive evolution across species. A single nucleotide mutation in the REPLUMLESS gene impacts fruit development and seed dispersal in Brassicaceae and rice, highlighting conserved evolutionary mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

Evolutionary biology
Plant genetics
Developmental biology

Background:

Gene regulatory changes are key drivers of evolution at population and species levels.
The extrapolation of these changes to higher taxonomic levels remains unclear.
The Brassicaceae family provides a model for studying fruit evolution.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of cis-regulatory changes in fruit evolution within the Brassicaceae family.
To determine if a specific mutation in the REPLUMLESS gene is associated with fruit morphology variations.
To explore the relevance of this mutation in natural evolution and domestication across diverse species.

Main Methods:

Comparative analysis of the REPLUMLESS gene and its cis-regulatory elements across Brassicaceae species.
Functional validation of a specific point mutation in Arabidopsis thaliana by introducing it into the REPLUMLESS gene.
Assessing the impact of the mutation on REPLUMLESS gene expression and function in fruit development.
Examining orthologous RPL genes in rice to investigate independent selection events.

Main Results:

A conserved point mutation in a cis-element of the REPLUMLESS gene correlates with reduced repla size across Brassicaceae.
This specific nucleotide change reduces REPLUMLESS expression and function in Arabidopsis fruit.
The Arabidopsis version of the cis-element in Brassica REPLUMLESS can alter Brassica replum morphology.
An independently selected mutation at the same nucleotide position in rice RPL orthologs reduces seed dispersal.

Conclusions:

Single-nucleotide regulatory mutations can explain developmental variation in seed-dispersal structures.
The same genetic toolkit is relevant for both natural evolution and domestication in widely diverged species.
Cis-regulatory changes in genes like REPLUMLESS play a significant role in fruit evolution.