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Related Concept Videos

Viral Structure00:56

Viral Structure

Viruses are extraordinarily diverse in shape and size, but they all have several structural features in common. All viruses have a core that contains a DNA- or RNA-based genome. The core is surrounded by a protective coat of proteins called the capsid. The capsid is composed of subunits called capsomeres. The capsid and genome-containing core are together known as the nucleocapsid.
Inhibitors Of Virion Release01:25

Inhibitors Of Virion Release

Viral replication and dissemination rely on efficient mechanisms for host cell entry, genome replication, assembly, and release. Influenza viruses, such as types A and B, are negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses with a segmented genome, that depend on two critical surface glycoproteins to carry out these processes: hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). HA initiates infection by binding to sialic acid residues on the surface of host epithelial cells, facilitating receptor-mediated...
Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the retrovirus to...
Introduction to Virus01:28

Introduction to Virus

Viruses are unique biological entities that blur the boundary between living and non-living systems. Although they lack cellular structure and metabolic processes, they can exhibit characteristics of life when infecting a host. Their defining feature is a nucleic acid core, composed of either DNA or RNA, encapsulated within a protein coat called a capsid. This simple structure allows them to invade host cells and use their machinery for replication efficiently.Viral Structure and...
Inhibitors of Virion Maturation and Assembly01:19

Inhibitors of Virion Maturation and Assembly

As part of their replication cycle, certain viruses synthesize long precursor proteins called polyproteins within infected host cells. In human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), two major polyproteins are produced: Gag and Gag-Pol. The Gag polyprotein supplies the structural components of the virus, while Gag-Pol includes essential viral enzymes such as reverse transcriptase, integrase, and protease. After synthesis, these polyproteins move to the host cell membrane, where they assemble into an...
Viruses with RNA Genomes01:29

Viruses with RNA Genomes

RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...

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Related Experiment Video

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Purification of Viral DNA for the Identification of Associated Viral and Cellular Proteins
08:26

Purification of Viral DNA for the Identification of Associated Viral and Cellular Proteins

Published on: August 31, 2017

Pinning down viral proteins: a new prototype for virus-host cell interaction.

Yoshitsugu Kojima1, Akihide Ryo

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.

Frontiers in Microbiology
|July 9, 2011
PubMed
Summary

The enzyme Pin1 regulates viral protein stability through a process called phosphorylation-dependent prolyl-isomerization. This finding highlights Pin1 as a potential target for novel antiviral therapies.

Keywords:
Pin1phosphorylationprolyl-isomerizationprotein stability

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Pin1 is an enzyme catalyzing cis-trans isomerization of phosphorylated serine/threonine-proline (pSer/Thr-Pro) motifs.
  • Viral protein stability is modulated by host factor Pin1 via phosphorylation-dependent prolyl-isomerization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Pin1 in regulating viral protein stability.
  • To explore Pin1 as a potential target for antiviral therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Enzyme kinetics assays
  • Protein stability assays
  • Viral protein analysis

Main Results:

  • Pin1 regulates the stability of several viral proteins.
  • Phosphorylation-dependent prolyl-isomerization by Pin1 influences viral-host cell interactions.

Conclusions:

  • Pin1 is a key modulator of virus-host cell molecular crosstalk.
  • Targeting Pin1 offers a potential strategy for developing new antiviral treatments.