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Comparative genomics and transcriptomics of Propionibacterium acnes.

Elzbieta Brzuszkiewicz¹, January Weiner, Antje Wollherr

¹Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.

|July 9, 2011

Summary

Propionibacterium acnes strains show genetic differences linked to disease. Gene expression varies by growth phase, influencing inflammation potential.

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Genomics
Bacterial Pathogenesis

Background:

Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) is a common skin bacterium with distinct lineages.
Some P. acnes strains are linked to inflammatory diseases, while others maintain skin health.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the molecular basis for differing P. acnes strain properties.
To compare genomic and transcriptomic profiles of distinct P. acnes strains.

Main Methods:

Genome sequencing of P. acnes strain 266 (type I-1a).
Comparative genomics and PCR analysis of multiple P. acnes strains.
Transcriptome analysis of strains KPA171202 (type I-2) and 266 during different growth phases.

Main Results:

Genome plasticity in P. acnes is low, but distinct island-like regions with virulence traits were identified.
Inter-strain gene expression differences were observed in transport and metabolic pathways.
Specific virulence factors (e.g., dermatan-sulphate adhesin, lipase GehA) were upregulated in strain 266.
Growth phase significantly impacts gene expression, with exponential phase favoring respiratory and virulence genes, and stationary phase favoring stress response and metabolism genes.

Conclusions:

P. acnes strain diversity is rooted in genomic content and variable gene expression.
Growth status plays a critical role in the inflammation-inducing capacity of P. acnes.
Both phylotype-specific genomes and differential gene expression contribute to the pathogenic potential of P. acnes strains.