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The "Motor" in Implicit Motor Sequence Learning: A Foot-stepping Serial Reaction Time Task
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On the automaticity of pure perceptual sequence learning.

Daphné Coomans1, Natacha Deroost, Peter Zeischka

  • 1Department of Cognitive Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium. Daphne.Coomans@vub.ac.be

Consciousness and Cognition
|July 12, 2011
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Summary

Implicit sequence learning is automatic, but expressing this knowledge requires perceptual load. This study shows perceptual load is not needed for learning but is essential for demonstrating learned perceptual sequences.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Perception

Background:

  • Implicit sequence learning refers to the unconscious acquisition of regularities in sequences.
  • Perceptual load theory suggests that cognitive capacity is limited and processing is affected by task demands.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of perceptual load in implicit sequence learning.
  • To determine if perceptual load influences the acquisition versus expression of perceptual sequence knowledge.

Main Methods:

  • A pure perceptual sequence learning paradigm was used with varying levels of perceptual load during training and testing phases.
  • Participants learned sequences where target location was structured, while target identity changed randomly.
  • Experiments manipulated perceptual load during training (Experiment 1) and testing (Experiment 2 & 3).

Main Results:

  • No sequence learning was observed when training occurred under load and testing without load (Experiment 1).
  • Sequence learning was unaffected by perceptual load during acquisition, but its expression was enhanced under high load during testing (Experiment 2).
  • Perceptual load was not necessary for acquiring perceptual sequence knowledge (Experiment 3).

Conclusions:

  • Implicit sequence learning is an automatic process.
  • Perceptual load is not required for the acquisition of perceptual sequence knowledge.
  • Perceptual load is mandatory for the expression of learned perceptual sequence knowledge.