Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Endotracheal Intubation Using a Flexible Intubation Endoscope as a Standardized Model for Safe Airway Management in Swine
04:30

Endotracheal Intubation Using a Flexible Intubation Endoscope as a Standardized Model for Safe Airway Management in Swine

Published on: August 25, 2022

4.1K

Subglottic stenosis: another challenge for intubation and potential mechanism of airway obstruction in Pierre Robin

Kolin Knapp1, Rosser Powitzky, Paul Digoy

  • 1Oklahoma University Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73126-0901, United States. kolin-knapp@ouhsc.edu

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
|July 12, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Infants with Pierre Robin Sequence (PRS) often need smaller endotracheal tubes (ETTs) due to potential subglottic narrowing. This finding suggests PRS patients may require specialized intubation protocols.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Otolaryngology
  • Neonatal Critical Care
  • Craniofacial Anomalies

Background:

  • Pierre Robin Sequence (PRS) is a congenital condition characterized by micrognathia, glossoptosis, and airway obstruction.
  • Airway management in infants with PRS can be challenging due to anatomical abnormalities.
  • Subglottic stenosis is a potential complication that may affect intubation success.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess endotracheal tube (ETT) size selection for infants under one year with PRS.
  • To investigate the prevalence of subglottic narrowing in this patient population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of infants diagnosed with PRS who underwent diagnostic laryngoscopy and intubation between 2005 and 2009.
  • Analysis of ETT sizes used in relation to age and weight-based normative data.
  • Documentation of visualized subglottic narrowing during laryngoscopy.

Main Results:

  • Fifteen infants with a median age of 25 days were included; most were full-term.
  • Subglottic narrowing was observed in 33% of the infants.
  • 73% of patients required an ETT size smaller than recommended by standard intubation guidelines.

Conclusions:

  • Infants with PRS exhibit a higher incidence of subglottic narrowing, potentially leading to stenosis.
  • Smaller endotracheal tube sizes are frequently necessary for intubating infants with PRS compared to the general population.
  • This pilot study highlights the need for prospective research to confirm these findings and inform clinical practice.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Design of a Biocompatible Drug-Eluting Tracheal Stent in Mice with Laryngotracheal Stenosis08:26

Design of a Biocompatible Drug-Eluting Tracheal Stent in Mice with Laryngotracheal Stenosis

Published on: January 21, 2020

7.2K
Topical Airway Anesthesia for Awake-endoscopic Intubation Using the Spray-as-you-go Technique with High Oxygen Flow05:43

Topical Airway Anesthesia for Awake-endoscopic Intubation Using the Spray-as-you-go Technique with High Oxygen Flow

Published on: January 13, 2017

17.2K

Related Concept Videos

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
312
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
744
Endotracheal Intubation I: Procedure01:15

Endotracheal Intubation I: Procedure

Endotracheal or ET intubation is a critical medical procedure used to secure a patient's airway, often in acute respiratory distress, apnea, upper airway obstruction, ineffective clearance of secretions, high risk for aspiration, or during general anesthesia.
The ET tube comprises various components, including a standard adaptor to attach a bag-valve-mask (BVM) or ventilator, a cuff, a pilot balloon, and radiopaque markings along its length to measure the insertion distance. The tube sizes...
8.9K
Suctioning the Nasopharyngeal Airway01:29

Suctioning the Nasopharyngeal Airway

Nasopharyngeal suctioning is a procedure to remove secretions from the upper part of the respiratory tract that the patient cannot clear independently. It helps maintain airway patency and prevents complications such as aspiration pneumonia.
Equipment Required
3.6K
Suctioning the Oropharyngeal Airway01:25

Suctioning the Oropharyngeal Airway

In preparing for oropharyngeal airway suctioning, a nurse must gather all necessary equipment, including a suction unit with tubing, a prepackaged suction kit, sterile gloves, water or saline for irrigation, a water-soluble lubricant, and additional personal protective equipment (such as a gown, mask, and goggles) to control infections.
After assembling the equipment, the nurse should practice hand hygiene and don appropriate PPE according to infection control guidelines to avoid the...
999
Endotracheal Intubation II: Nursing Management01:17

Endotracheal Intubation II: Nursing Management

Endotracheal intubation is a critical procedure that can be lifesaving for many patients with respiratory distress or failure. The role of nursing in managing endotracheal tubes is pivotal, as it involves pre-intubation preparation, assisting during the procedure, and post-extubation care.
1. Nursing Care of Patients Before Intubation
Before the endotracheal intubation procedure, nurses play an essential role in ensuring the process goes smoothly. The nurses must be familiar with intubation...
2.8K