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Glomus tumours. An immunohistochemical study.

S Daugaard1, M E Jensen, S Fischer

  • 1Department of Pathology, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.

APMIS : Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica, Et Immunologica Scandinavica
|November 1, 1990
PubMed
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This study analyzed 20 glomus tumors (glomangiomas) using immunohistochemistry. Results show glomus cells express smooth muscle and pericyte markers, aiding in differential diagnosis of these skin lesions.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatopathology
  • Surgical Pathology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Glomus tumors, including glomangiomas, are rare soft tissue neoplasms.
  • Understanding their cellular origin and immunohistochemical profile is crucial for diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the histological and immunohistochemical features of glomus tumors and glomangiomas.
  • To clarify the cellular origin and potential diagnostic markers for glomus tumors.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 20 glomus tumors (12 solid, 8 glomangiomas) from 18 patients.
  • Immunohistochemical staining for various markers including Neuron-Specific Enolase, Actin, Myosin, Vimentin, and Desmin.

Main Results:

  • Small nerve fibers were present in most tumors. Mast cells were observed in the stroma.

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  • Glomus tumor cells were negative for Neuron-Specific Enolase, Glial Fibrillic Acidic Protein, S-100 Protein, Chromogranin, and Ulex Europaeus Lectin type 1.
  • All tumors were positive for Actin, Myosin, and Vimentin, with equivocal or negative results for Desmin.

    • Conclusions:

    • The immunohistochemical profile supports a relationship between glomus cells, smooth muscle cells, and pericytes.
    • This profile is valuable for the differential diagnosis of glomus tumors.
    • Most glomus lesions are likely hamartomas, but some may represent true neoplasms.