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Leishmaniasis

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Leishmaniasis is a protozoal disease caused by species of the genus Leishmania and transmitted through the bite of infected female sandflies. The parasite exists in two principal morphological forms during its life cycle. A sandfly acquires intracellular amastigotes from an infected reservoir host, such as a dog. Within the sandfly, these forms differentiate into motile, flagellated promastigotes. During a subsequent blood meal, promastigotes are injected into the human host, where they...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Investigating the Phagocytosis of Leishmania using Confocal Microscopy

Investigating the Phagocytosis of Leishmania using Confocal Microscopy

Published on: July 29, 2021

Leishmaniasis: complexity at the host-pathogen interface.

Paul Kaye¹, Phillip Scott

¹Centre for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology and Hull York Medical School, University of York, Wentworth Way, UK. paul.kaye@york.ac.uk

Nature Reviews. Microbiology

|July 13, 2011

Summary

Leishmania parasites cause widespread leishmaniases. Cellular immunity controls infection, but diverse host-pathogen interactions require further study for effective treatments.

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Parasitology
Infectious Diseases

Background:

Leishmania parasites cause leishmaniases, affecting over 150 million people globally.
Transmission occurs via phlebotomine sandflies.
Cellular immune mechanisms are crucial for controlling Leishmania infections.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the diverse host-pathogen interactions in Leishmania infections.
To highlight the importance of understanding this diversity for developing interventions.

Main Methods:

Review of recent evidence on host-pathogen dynamics in leishmaniasis.
Analysis of cellular immune responses to different Leishmania species.

Main Results:

Host-pathogen combinations elicit varied strategies for parasite survival.
Immune responses differ based on the specific Leishmania species and host factors.

Conclusions:

Understanding the diversity in host-pathogen interactions is critical.
This knowledge is essential for developing broadly applicable vaccines, drugs, and immunotherapies against leishmaniases.