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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem...
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic cells are...
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem...
iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

iPS Cell Differentiation

The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research01:21

EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research

Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells are excellent models for disease research because of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into most cell types. Somatic cells from a patient are isolated and reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs. These iPSCs are later differentiated into the desired cell type, which mirrors the diseased cell of the patient. In this way, disease models have been created for investigating diseases such as Down syndrome, type I diabetes,...

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Transplantation of human stem cell-derived cone photoreceptors partially restores vision in aged rd1 mice with advanced retinal degeneration.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Directed Induction of Retinal Organoids from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
06:38

Directed Induction of Retinal Organoids from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: April 21, 2021

Induced pluripotent stem cell technology for generating photoreceptors.

Cédric Boucherie1, Jane C Sowden, Robin R Ali

  • 1Department of Genetics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK.

Regenerative Medicine
|July 14, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Human pluripotent stem cells, generated from adult tissues, offer new ways to study retinal disorders. These cells are being developed for transplantation and disease modeling, advancing cell-based therapies for vision loss.

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Last Updated: May 31, 2026

Directed Induction of Retinal Organoids from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
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Retinal Organoid Induction System for Derivation of 3D Retinal Tissues from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
10:05

Retinal Organoid Induction System for Derivation of 3D Retinal Tissues from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: April 12, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Ophthalmology
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are generated from adult somatic cells, like skin cells.
  • Pluripotent stem cells offer potential for studying and treating various diseases.
  • Retinal disorders represent a significant area for regenerative medicine approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the generation and application of pluripotent stem cells in retinal research.
  • To discuss the differentiation of pluripotent cells into photoreceptor precursors for potential transplantation.
  • To highlight the use of iPSC-derived photoreceptors for disease modeling and drug screening.

Main Methods:

  • Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells from human adult tissues.
  • Development of protocols for differentiating pluripotent stem cells into retinal photoreceptor precursors.
  • Utilizing iPSC-derived photoreceptors for in vitro disease modeling and drug screening.

Main Results:

  • Advances in protocols enable the differentiation of pluripotent cells into photoreceptor precursors.
  • Human iPSC-derived photoreceptors show promise for studying retinal diseases.
  • These cells are valuable tools for drug screening and understanding disease mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Pluripotent stem cell technology has opened new avenues for retinal disorder research.
  • Cell-based therapies using differentiated photoreceptor precursors are under development.
  • iPSC-derived retinal cells are crucial for disease modeling and therapeutic discovery.