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Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...

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Updated: May 31, 2026

Echocardiographic Assessment of Cardiac Anatomy and Function in Adult Rats

Echocardiographic Assessment of Cardiac Anatomy and Function in Adult Rats

Published on: December 13, 2019

Atrium electromechanical interval in left ventricular diastolic dysfunction.

Tze-Fan Chao¹, Kang-Ling Wang, Chi-Fang Chuang

¹Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

European Journal of Clinical Investigation

|July 14, 2011

Summary

The P wave to peak atrial longitudinal strain (PA-TDI) interval is longer in patients with left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction. This prolonged interval may indicate the severity of left atrial remodeling due to impaired LV diastolic function.

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Murine Echocardiography of Left Atrium, Aorta, and Pulmonary Artery

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Echocardiographic Assessment of Cardiac Anatomy and Function in Adult Rats

Echocardiographic Assessment of Cardiac Anatomy and Function in Adult Rats

Published on: December 13, 2019

Murine Echocardiography of Left Atrium, Aorta, and Pulmonary Artery

Murine Echocardiography of Left Atrium, Aorta, and Pulmonary Artery

Published on: February 20, 2017

Area of Science:

Cardiology
Cardiac Electrophysiology
Echocardiography

Background:

Left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction significantly impacts the left atrium (LA).
The electromechanical interval (PA-TDI) measures LA electrical-mechanical coupling.
PA-TDI reflects LA electrophysiological properties.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the association between the PA-TDI interval and LV diastolic function.
To determine if PA-TDI can serve as a marker for LV diastolic dysfunction.

Main Methods:

224 consecutive patients were enrolled.
LV diastolic dysfunction was classified using E/A and E/E' ratios.
PA-TDI intervals were measured and compared between groups.

Main Results:

56% of patients exhibited abnormal diastolic function.
The PA-TDI interval was significantly longer in patients with diastolic dysfunction (147.8 ± 18.2 ms) compared to those without (130.4 ± 17.0 ms).
PA-TDI intervals progressively increased with the severity of diastolic dysfunction.

Conclusions:

The PA-TDI interval is significantly prolonged in patients with LV diastolic dysfunction.
Prolonged PA-TDI may indicate the degree of left atrial remodeling secondary to LV diastolic dysfunction.