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Exposure to cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors and risk of cancer: nested case-control studies

Y Vinogradova1, C Coupland, J Hippisley-Cox

  • 1Division of Primary Care, 13th Floor, Tower Building, University Park, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK. yana.vinogradova@nottingham.ac.uk

British Journal of Cancer
|July 14, 2011
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Long-term use of selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) inhibitors is linked to increased breast and hematological cancer risks. However, prolonged COX2 inhibitor use may decrease colorectal cancer risk.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) inhibitors are common analgesics.
  • The long-term impact of COX2 inhibitors on cancer risk remains uncertain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between COX2 inhibitor use and the risk of developing various cancers.
  • To determine if prolonged use of COX2 inhibitors influences the risk of specific cancer types.

Main Methods:

  • A nested case-control study design was employed using the QResearch primary care database.
  • Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to estimate associations, adjusting for multiple confounding factors.

Main Results:

  • Prolonged COX2 inhibitor use was associated with a significantly increased risk of breast cancer (OR 1.24) and hematological malignancies (OR 1.38).
  • A decreased risk of colorectal cancer was observed with prolonged COX2 inhibitor use (OR 0.76).
  • No other significant associations were found for other common cancers.

Conclusions:

  • Prolonged use of COX2 inhibitors is associated with differential risks for specific cancers.
  • Findings suggest an increased risk for breast and hematological cancers and a decreased risk for colorectal cancer.
  • Further validation using diverse data sources is recommended.

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