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Related Concept Videos

Depressive Disorders: Etiology01:27

Depressive Disorders: Etiology

Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
Biological Factors in Depression
Biological predispositions significantly influence the risk of developing depressive disorders. Genetic studies highlight the role of variations in the serotonin transporter...
Depression: Overview01:18

Depression: Overview

Depression is a prevalent mental illness marked by persistent sadness and lack of interest in previously enjoyable activities. It can take several forms, including major depression, persistent depressive disorder, and bipolar I and II disorders. Symptoms range from emotional changes like chronic worry to physical changes like sleep disturbances and suicidal thoughts. From a neurobiological perspective, depression is believed to be triggered by abnormalities in the brain's prefrontal cortex,...
Stress and Mental Health01:30

Stress and Mental Health

Chronic stress profoundly affects mental health, significantly influencing mood, behavior, and overall quality of life. Research closely links chronic stress with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Ongoing exposure to stress can lead to physiological and psychological changes, initiating a cycle of emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms.
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
Long-term Depression01:03

Long-term Depression

Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Calcium Ion Concentration Mechanism
If over time, all...
Long-term Depression01:05

Long-term Depression

Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia01:27

Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia

Depressive disorders are a group of mental health conditions characterized by pervasive feelings of sadness, diminished pleasure in life, and a significant impact on daily functioning. These conditions are most prevalent in individuals during their 30s and affect women at twice the rate of men. Contrary to popular belief, younger individuals are generally more susceptible to these disorders than older adults. Two key types of depressive disorders include Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

A New Method for Inducing a Depression-Like Behavior in Rats
07:57

A New Method for Inducing a Depression-Like Behavior in Rats

Published on: February 22, 2018

The increasing burden of depression.

Jean-Pierre Lépine1, Mike Briley

  • 1Hôpital Lariboisière Fernand Widal, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris Unité INSERM 705 CNRS UMR 8206, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France;

Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
|July 14, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Depression significantly increases mortality risk, including suicide and cardiovascular death, and causes widespread functional impairment. This mental health condition poses a substantial burden on individuals, families, and society.

Keywords:
DALYdepressioneconomic burdenepidemiologyfamily burdenmortality risk

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An Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress Protocol for Instigating Depressive Symptoms, Behavioral Changes and Negative Health Outcomes in Rodents
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Last Updated: May 31, 2026

A New Method for Inducing a Depression-Like Behavior in Rats
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An Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress Protocol for Instigating Depressive Symptoms, Behavioral Changes and Negative Health Outcomes in Rodents
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An Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress Protocol for Instigating Depressive Symptoms, Behavioral Changes and Negative Health Outcomes in Rodents

Published on: December 2, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Lifetime prevalence of depression ranges from 10% to 15% globally.
  • Mood disorders exhibit varying 12-month prevalence rates, e.g., 9% in the US versus 3% in Japan.
  • Depression is linked to significant mortality and morbidity, impacting quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a brief overview of depression's impact on quality of life.
  • To highlight the societal and familial burden of depression.
  • To underscore the public health significance of depressive disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent epidemiological surveys and population studies.
  • Analysis of data on prevalence, mortality, and functional impairment.
  • Synthesis of findings from the World Mental Health and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.

Main Results:

  • Depression elevates suicide risk over 20-fold and is a risk factor for cardiovascular death.
  • Increased depressive symptom severity correlates with higher all-cause mortality, including stroke.
  • Functional impairments include decreased productivity, absenteeism, and presenteeism, costing billions annually.

Conclusions:

  • Depression is a major cause of disease burden, projected to be the leading cause by 2030.
  • The impact of depression extends beyond the individual, affecting families and society.
  • Addressing depression is crucial for public health and economic well-being.