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Updated: May 31, 2026

An In vitro Co-infection Model to Study Plasmodium falciparum-HIV-1 Interactions in Human Primary Monocyte-derived Immune Cells

An In vitro Co-infection Model to Study Plasmodium falciparum-HIV-1 Interactions in Human Primary Monocyte-derived Immune Cells

Published on: August 15, 2012

HIV infection and thromboembolism.

H Basavanagowdappa¹, M Suresh Babu, Subrahmanyam Karuturi

¹JSS Medical College, Mysore.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India

|July 15, 2011

Summary

HIV patients have a higher risk of blood clots. This case highlights a patient with venous thromboembolism, normal CD4 count, and specific clotting factor deficiencies, suggesting a complex hypercoagulable state.

Area of Science:

Hematology
Infectious Diseases
Immunology

Background:

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a known complication in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection.
HIV-associated thrombotic disease is often linked to various hemostatic abnormalities.
A hypercoagulable state can increase the risk of blood clots in affected individuals.

Observation:

This report details a case of a patient diagnosed with HIV and VTE.
The patient presented with a normal CD4+ T-cell count at the time of diagnosis.
Key laboratory findings included decreased levels of Protein C and Protein S, alongside elevated serum homocysteine.

Findings:

The observed coagulation profile suggests a specific prothrombotic state in this HIV patient.
Reduced Protein C and Protein S are critical inhibitors of coagulation, their deficiency predisposes to thrombosis.

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Increased homocysteine is an independent risk factor for VTE and may be exacerbated in HIV.

Implications:

This case underscores that VTE in HIV patients can occur even with preserved immune function (normal CD4 count).
It highlights the importance of investigating specific coagulation factor deficiencies and homocysteine levels in HIV-associated VTE.
Understanding these complex hemostatic derangements is crucial for effective VTE prevention and management in the HIV population.