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Related Concept Videos

Cholinergic Antagonists: Pharmacokinetics01:24

Cholinergic Antagonists: Pharmacokinetics

Cholinergic antagonists—such as antimuscarinics—are available in oral, topical, ocular, parenteral, and inhalational formulations. Most antimuscarinics are oral formulations,  while scopolamine is available as a topical patch, and ipratropium and tiotropium are available as inhalation aerosols or powders. Atropine, tropicamide, and cyclopentolate are topically instilled in the eye. Most antimuscarinics are lipid-soluble and readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and the conjunctiva.
Antiasthma Drugs: Methylxanthines01:24

Antiasthma Drugs: Methylxanthines

Theophylline, a member of the methylxanthine class of bronchodilators, has long been used in asthma management. While its exact mechanism of action is not fully understood, it is believed to have multiple effects on various cellular processes.
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Antiasthma Drugs: Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists

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Alkenes via Reductive Coupling of Aldehydes or Ketones: McMurry Reaction01:22

Alkenes via Reductive Coupling of Aldehydes or Ketones: McMurry Reaction

The radical dimerization of ketones or aldehydes gives vicinal diols through a pinacol coupling reaction. However, the behavior of titanium metals used for the reaction as a source of electrons is unusual. When the reaction is carried out in the presence of titanium, diols can be isolated at low temperatures. Else titanium further reacts with diols, forming alkenes through the McMurry reaction.
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Anticoagulant Drugs: Vitamin K Antagonists and Direct Oral Anticoagulants

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Drugs for Peptic Ulcer Disease: Prostaglandin Analogs as Mucosal Protective Agents

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Real-time Monitoring of Reactions Performed Using Continuous-flow Processing: The Preparation of 3-Acetylcoumarin as an Example
09:56

Real-time Monitoring of Reactions Performed Using Continuous-flow Processing: The Preparation of 3-Acetylcoumarin as an Example

Published on: November 18, 2015

Paniculacin, a new coumarin derivative from Murraya paniculata.

Sumayya Saeed1, Shazia Shah, Rashad Mehmood

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan. sumayyas@uok.edu.pk

Journal of Asian Natural Products Research
|July 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary

A novel coumarin derivative, paniculacin, was identified in Murraya paniculata. This study details its isolation and structural elucidation using spectral data analysis.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 31, 2026

Real-time Monitoring of Reactions Performed Using Continuous-flow Processing: The Preparation of 3-Acetylcoumarin as an Example
09:56

Real-time Monitoring of Reactions Performed Using Continuous-flow Processing: The Preparation of 3-Acetylcoumarin as an Example

Published on: November 18, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Natural Product Chemistry
  • Phytochemistry
  • Organic Chemistry

Background:

  • Murraya paniculata is a plant species known for its diverse phytochemical constituents.
  • Coumarins are a class of organic compounds with various biological activities.
  • Phytochemical investigations aim to discover novel compounds from plant sources.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and characterize new compounds from Murraya paniculata.
  • To elucidate the chemical structure of isolated compounds using spectroscopic methods.
  • To contribute to the understanding of the chemical diversity of Murraya paniculata.

Main Methods:

  • Extraction of plant material using ethanol and ethyl acetate.
  • Isolation of compounds via chromatographic techniques.
  • Structure elucidation using spectral data (e.g., NMR, MS).

Main Results:

  • Paniculacin (1), a new coumarin derivative, was successfully isolated.
  • Other known compounds including umbelliferone, scopoletin, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, trans-cinnamic acid, and β-sitosterol were also identified.
  • The structure of paniculacin was confirmed through comprehensive spectral analysis.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully identified a new coumarin, paniculacin, from Murraya paniculata.
  • The findings expand the knowledge of phytochemicals present in this plant species.
  • The characterized compounds may serve as leads for further pharmacological investigations.