Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets

Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets

Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...

Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu

Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu

Genetic variations significantly influence drug response through pharmacokinetics, receptor interactions, and biologic milieu modifications. Pharmacokinetic alterations impact drug metabolism and clearance, affecting efficacy and toxicity. Variants in drug-metabolizing enzymes, such as CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, alter drug activation and elimination. For example, CYP2C9 loss-of-function variants require lower warfarin doses to prevent excessive bleeding, while CYP2C19 variants reduce clopidogrel...

Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics: Overview

Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics: Overview

Pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics examine how genetic factors influence an individual's response to drugs. While pharmacogenetics focuses on the impact of specific genetic variants on drug effects, pharmacogenomics takes a broader approach, studying how genetic variation across populations contributes to differences in drug responses. These fields aim to explain why individuals may experience varying levels of efficacy or adverse reactions to the same medication.Variability in drug...

Pharmacogenetics of Drug Metabolism: Overview

Pharmacogenetics of Drug Metabolism: Overview

Genetic polymorphism in drug metabolism is crucial to the inter-individual variability observed in drug responses. Drug metabolism primarily involves the chemical modification of drugs and other xenobiotics to enhance their elimination by increasing their polarity. Two main classes of enzymes mediate this biotransformation process: Phase I enzymes, primarily cytochrome P450s, catalyze oxidation and reduction reactions, while other enzymes, such as esterases, mediate hydrolysis, and Phase II...

Principles of Pharmacogenetics: Types of Genetic Variants

Principles of Pharmacogenetics: Types of Genetic Variants

The human genome is over 99.9% identical between individuals, yet genetic differences exist at millions of bases. The human genome contains approximately 3 million variant positions per individual, many of which are heterozygous, contributing to genetic diversity and individual traits. Genetic variations include single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), insertions, deletions, and copy number variations (CNVs).SNPs, the most common variation, involve single-base changes in DNA. These can be...

Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase

Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase

Genetic polymorphisms in drug targets have emerged as critical determinants of interindividual variability in drug response and toxicity. Pharmacogenomic investigations increasingly focus on identifying these variations to personalize and optimize therapeutic interventions. A drug target may be a receptor, enzyme, or signaling protein involved in pharmacologic responses or disease-related pathways. While early pharmacogenetic studies focused primarily on drug metabolism, current research...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Taking a second look: immunization requirements for nursing students.

Nursing education perspectives·2007

Same author

A collaborative model: twenty healthcare agencies and academic institutions share resources to educate preceptors.

Journal for nurses in staff development : JNSD : official journal of the National Nursing Staff Development Organization·2002

Same journal

Sleep Worry Among Clinical Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study.

The American journal of nursing·2026

Same journal

Implementing an Alternative Patient Care Technician Staffing Model on a Medical Unit: A Cross-Sectional Study.

The American journal of nursing·2026

Same journal

In the Gray: What's a Nurse to Do?

The American journal of nursing·2026

Same journal

Enhancing the Professional Work Environment Through Nursing Engagement in an Academic Medical Center.

The American journal of nursing·2026

Same journal

The Nursing the Revolution Exhibit.

The American journal of nursing·2026

Same journal

Code Prep Choreography: Navigating the Urgent Interval.

The American journal of nursing·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Drug Repurposing Hypothesis Generation Using the "RE:fine Drugs" System

Drug Repurposing Hypothesis Generation Using the "RE:fine Drugs" System

Published on: December 11, 2016

Pharmacogenomics: personalizing drug therapy.

Elizabeth C Kudzma¹, Eileen T Carey

¹Division of Nursing, Curry College, Milton, MA, USA. ekudzma@curry.edu

The American Journal of Nursing

|July 15, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Pharmacogenomics research explores how genetic variations impact drug responses, aiming for personalized medicine. This field uses genetic tests to predict patient responses to medications like statins and cancer therapies.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 31, 2026

Drug Repurposing Hypothesis Generation Using the "RE:fine Drugs" System

Drug Repurposing Hypothesis Generation Using the "RE:fine Drugs" System

Published on: December 11, 2016

Area of Science:

Pharmacogenomics and genetics

Background:

Genetic variations significantly influence individual drug responses.
Understanding these variations is key to optimizing drug therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the role of pharmacogenomics in tailoring drug therapy.
To highlight the development of genetic tests for predicting patient drug responses.

Main Methods:

Identifying genetic markers for drug metabolism.
Developing genetic tests for predicting patient response to specific drugs (e.g., statins, cancer therapies).

Main Results:

Genetic variation impacts drug metabolism and efficacy.
Genetic testing can predict patient response to certain medications.

Conclusions:

Pharmacogenomics enables precise, targeted drug therapy.
Nurses play a crucial role in interpreting pharmacogenomic data for patient education on drug selection.