Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Organic Compounds

Organic Compounds

All living things are formed mostly of carbon compounds called organic compounds. The category of organic compounds includes both natural and synthetic compounds that contain carbon. Although a single, precise definition has yet to be identified by the chemistry community, most agree that a defining trait of organic molecules is the presence of carbon as the principal element, bonded to hydrogen and other carbon atoms. However, some carbon-containing compounds such as carbonates, cyanides, and...

Loss of Carboxy Group as CO2: Decarboxylation of Malonic Acid Derivatives

Loss of Carboxy Group as CO₂: Decarboxylation of Malonic Acid Derivatives

Just like β-keto acids—which upon thermal decarboxylation form ketones—β-dicarboxylic acids undergo decarboxylation to generate monocarboxylic acids with the liberation of carbon dioxide.

Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Acid Halides, Esters, and Acid Anhydrides

Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Acid Halides, Esters, and Acid Anhydrides

Naming Acid Halides
The IUPAC and common names of acid halides are derived from the corresponding carboxylic acids, by changing “ic acid” to “yl halide.” For example, as shown below, the IUPAC name ethanoyl chloride is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetyl chloride, is obtained from acetic acid.

IUPAC Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acids

IUPAC Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acids

IUPAC names of carboxylic acids are systematically derived following a few rules discussed below.
For acyclic saturated monocarboxylic acids, the longest hydrocarbon chain containing the –COOH carbon is identified as the parent chain. Then, the last -e of the parent hydrocarbon name is replaced with a suffix -oic acid.

Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Overview

Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Overview

Carboxylic acid derivatives are formed by replacing the hydroxyl group of carboxylic acids with a different functional group. The most common carboxylic acid derivatives are:

IUPAC Nomenclature of Aldehydes

IUPAC Nomenclature of Aldehydes

Aldehydes are named based on the systematic nomenclature rules set by the IUPAC. For acyclic aldehydes, the longest carbon chain containing the aldehydic (–CHO) group is considered the parent chain. The aldehyde is named by replacing the last letter “e” in the hydrocarbon name with “al”. For instance, a simple, seven-carbon-membered acyclic aldehyde is called heptanal, derived from heptane. The carbon chain is numbered starting from the aldehydic carbon, although the aldehydic carbon’s locant...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Lipid Membrane Regulation of Chlorophyll Triplet Excitation Quenching in Photosynthetic Light-Harvesting Complex LHCII.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2026

Same author

Nanodiscoidal Lipid-Protein Assembly Modulated Ultrafast Excitation Relaxation in an Algal LHCII Complex.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2025

Same author

Cognitive impairment and pain in depression: The mediating role of the kynurenine pathway.

World journal of psychiatry·2025

Same author

Excimer and non-photochemical quenching in LHCII.

The Journal of chemical physics·2025

Same author

Triplet excitation dynamics of photosynthetic light-harvesting antennae: mechanistic insights into the conjugation regulated carotenoid functionality.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2025

Same author

An Aggregation Accelerable Pathway of Triplet Excitation Transfer Newly Identified in the LHCII Complexes from Spinach and <i>Bryopsis corticulans</i>.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

A Strategy for Sensitive, Large Scale Quantitative Metabolomics

A Strategy for Sensitive, Large Scale Quantitative Metabolomics

Published on: May 27, 2014

3-(7-Meth-oxy-β-carbolin-1-yl)propionic acid monohydrate.

Dong-Mei Dai, Jia-Liang Zhong, Hui-Mei An

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online

|July 15, 2011

Summary

This study details the crystal structure of 3-(7-methoxy-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)propanoic acid monohydrate. The compound exhibits unique hydrogen bonding interactions involving water molecules and the carboxyl group.

More Related Videos

Modification and Functionalization of the Guanidine Group by Tailor-made Precursors

Modification and Functionalization of the Guanidine Group by Tailor-made Precursors

Published on: April 27, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 31, 2026

A Strategy for Sensitive, Large Scale Quantitative Metabolomics

A Strategy for Sensitive, Large Scale Quantitative Metabolomics

Published on: May 27, 2014

Modification and Functionalization of the Guanidine Group by Tailor-made Precursors

Modification and Functionalization of the Guanidine Group by Tailor-made Precursors

Published on: April 27, 2017

Area of Science:

Crystallography
Organic Chemistry
Materials Science

Background:

Pyrido[3,4-b]indole derivatives are known for their diverse biological activities.
Understanding the solid-state structure is crucial for drug design and material properties.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the crystal structure of 3-(7-methoxy-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)propanoic acid monohydrate.
To investigate the hydrogen bonding network within the crystal lattice.

Main Methods:

Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis was performed.
The crystal structure was solved and refined.

Main Results:

The fused ring system shows minimal dihedral angles, indicating a nearly planar structure.
The water molecule participates in three distinct hydrogen-bonded chains (O-H⋯O and N-H⋯O).
The carboxyl group forms an intermolecular O-H⋯N hydrogen bond.

Conclusions:

The crystal packing is stabilized by an extensive hydrogen bond network.
The structural data provides insights into the intermolecular interactions of this pyrido[3,4-b]indole derivative.