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Related Concept Videos

Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines01:25

Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines

Heterocyclic amines, where the N atom is a part of an alicyclic system, are similar in basicity to alkylamines. Interestingly, the heterocyclic amine having a nitrogen atom as part of an aromatic ring has much less basicity than its corresponding alicyclic counterpart. For this reason, as presented in Figure 1, piperidine (pKb = 2.8) is significantly more basic than pyridine (pKb = 8.8).
Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Nitration of Benzene01:20

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Nitration of Benzene

The nitration of benzene is an example of an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. It involves the formation of a very powerful electrophile, the nitronium ion, which is linear in shape. The reaction occurs through the interaction of two strong acids, sulfuric and nitric acid.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents
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Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents

Published on: May 28, 2014

3,3'-Dinitro-4,4'-bipyridine.

Yong Wang, Jing-Yi Xu, De-Yong Li

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |July 15, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study details the crystal structure of a novel compound, C(10)H(6)N(4)O(4). The pyridine rings exhibit a specific dihedral angle, and intermolecular interactions form a 3D network.

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    Syntheses, Crystallization, and Spectroscopic Characterization of 3,5-Lutidine N-Oxide Dehydrate
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    Syntheses, Crystallization, and Spectroscopic Characterization of 3,5-Lutidine N-Oxide Dehydrate

    Published on: April 24, 2018

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    Syntheses, Crystallization, and Spectroscopic Characterization of 3,5-Lutidine N-Oxide Dehydrate
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    Syntheses, Crystallization, and Spectroscopic Characterization of 3,5-Lutidine N-Oxide Dehydrate

    Published on: April 24, 2018

    Area of Science:

    • Crystallography
    • Organic Chemistry
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Understanding molecular interactions is crucial for designing new materials.
    • The specific arrangement of atoms in organic compounds dictates their properties.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the crystal structure of the compound C(10)H(6)N(4)O(4).
    • To analyze the spatial orientation of pyridine rings and intermolecular forces.

    Main Methods:

    • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.
    • Analysis of bond distances, angles, and intermolecular interactions (C-H⋯O, C-H⋯N).

    Main Results:

    • The pyridine rings are oriented at a dihedral angle of 67.8°.
    • Oxygen atoms are in a trans configuration, displaced from the pyridine ring plane.
    • Molecules are linked into a three-dimensional network via C-H⋯O and C-H⋯N interactions.

    Conclusions:

    • The crystal structure reveals specific molecular geometry and intermolecular bonding.
    • These findings contribute to the understanding of crystal packing in organic compounds.