Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

IUPAC Nomenclature of Aldehydes01:16

IUPAC Nomenclature of Aldehydes

Aldehydes are named based on the systematic nomenclature rules set by the IUPAC. For acyclic aldehydes, the longest carbon chain containing the aldehydic (–CHO) group is considered the parent chain. The aldehyde is named by replacing the last letter “e” in the hydrocarbon name with “al”. For instance, a simple, seven-carbon-membered acyclic aldehyde is called heptanal, derived from heptane. The carbon chain is numbered starting from the aldehydic carbon, although the aldehydic carbon’s locant...
Organic Compounds03:02

Organic Compounds

All living things are formed mostly of carbon compounds called organic compounds. The category of organic compounds includes both natural and synthetic compounds that contain carbon. Although a single, precise definition has yet to be identified by the chemistry community, most agree that a defining trait of organic molecules is the presence of carbon as the principal element, bonded to hydrogen and other carbon atoms. However, some carbon-containing compounds such as carbonates, cyanides, and...
Acidity and Basicity of Alcohols and Phenols02:36

Acidity and Basicity of Alcohols and Phenols

Like water, alcohols are weak acids and bases. This is attributed to the polarization of the O–H bond making the hydrogen partially positive. Moreover, the electron pairs on the oxygen atom of alcohol make it both basic and nucleophilic. Protonation of an alcohol converts hydroxide, a poor leaving group, into water—a good one. The two acid–base equilibria corresponding to ethanol are depicted below.
Loss of Carboxy Group as CO2: Decarboxylation of Malonic Acid Derivatives01:35

Loss of Carboxy Group as CO2: Decarboxylation of Malonic Acid Derivatives

Just like β-keto acids—which upon thermal decarboxylation form ketones—β-dicarboxylic acids undergo decarboxylation to generate monocarboxylic acids with the liberation of carbon dioxide.
Oxidation of Alkenes: Anti Dihydroxylation with Peroxy Acids02:04

Oxidation of Alkenes: Anti Dihydroxylation with Peroxy Acids

Diols are compounds with two hydroxyl groups. In addition to syn dihydroxylation, diols can also be synthesized through the process of anti dihydroxylation. The process involves treating an alkene with a peroxycarboxylic acid to form an epoxide. Epoxides are highly strained three-membered rings with oxygen and two carbons occupying the corners of an equilateral triangle. This step is followed by ring-opening of the epoxide in the presence of an aqueous acid to give a trans diol.
IUPAC Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acids01:16

IUPAC Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acids

IUPAC names of carboxylic acids are systematically derived following a few rules discussed below.
For acyclic saturated monocarboxylic acids, the longest hydrocarbon chain containing the –COOH carbon is identified as the parent chain. Then, the last -e of the parent hydrocarbon name is replaced with a suffix -oic acid.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Defining the Ideal Cranial Vault Height Ratio Via Morphometric Analysis: A Preliminary Study.

Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.]·2026
Same author

Retrospective Study on Palpable Indurations After Cosmetic Filler Injection: Ultrasonic Characterization and Image-Guided Therapy.

Aesthetic surgery journal·2026
Same author

Establishment of a nomogram model for predicting distant metastasis in oncocytic thyroid carcinoma: A retrospective cohort study.

Medicine·2026
Same author

Simultaneous enhancement of power generation and phosphorus removal in microbial fuel cell using Iron-Carbon composite anode.

Bioresource technology·2026
Same author

Anodic potential and conductive carrier synergistically drive nitrite-free extracellular electron transfer-dependent anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) in mixed microbial communities.

Bioresource technology·2026
Same author

Effects of Piperine on Obese and Lean Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice.

Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology·2025
Same journal

Crystal structure of 1-(piperidin-1-yl)butane-1,3-dione.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2015
Same journal

Crystal structure of methyl 1-methyl-3,5-diphenyl-7-tosyl-3,6,7,11b-tetra-hydro-pyrazolo-[4',3':5,6]pyrano[3,4-c]quinoline-5a(5H)-carboxyl-ate.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2015
Same journal

Crystal structure of 4-amino-1-(4-methyl-benz-yl)pyridinium bromide.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2015
Same journal

Crystal structure of (Z)-3-benz-yloxy-6-[(2-hy-droxy-anilino)methyl-idene]cyclo-hexa-2,4-dien-1-one.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2015
Same journal

Crystal structure of bis-(1-benzyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole) perchloric acid monosolvate.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2015
Same journal

Crystal structure of 2-(di-phenyl-phos-phanyl)phenyl 4-(hy-droxy-meth-yl)benzoate.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2015
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives
08:43

Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives

Published on: January 19, 2016

2-(o-Tol-yloxy)benzoic acid.

Jia-Ying Xu, Wei-Hua Cheng, Xun Zhu

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |July 15, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    The crystal structure of C(14)H(12)O(3) reveals molecules forming dimers through hydrogen bonds. The two phenyl rings exhibit a dihedral angle of 76.2 degrees, indicating their spatial arrangement.

    More Related Videos

    A Strategy for Sensitive, Large Scale Quantitative Metabolomics
    14:18

    A Strategy for Sensitive, Large Scale Quantitative Metabolomics

    Published on: May 27, 2014

    Qualitative Identification of Carboxylic Acids, Boronic Acids, and Amines Using Cruciform Fluorophores
    09:46

    Qualitative Identification of Carboxylic Acids, Boronic Acids, and Amines Using Cruciform Fluorophores

    Published on: August 19, 2013

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: May 31, 2026

    Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives
    08:43

    Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives

    Published on: January 19, 2016

    A Strategy for Sensitive, Large Scale Quantitative Metabolomics
    14:18

    A Strategy for Sensitive, Large Scale Quantitative Metabolomics

    Published on: May 27, 2014

    Qualitative Identification of Carboxylic Acids, Boronic Acids, and Amines Using Cruciform Fluorophores
    09:46

    Qualitative Identification of Carboxylic Acids, Boronic Acids, and Amines Using Cruciform Fluorophores

    Published on: August 19, 2013

    Area of Science:

    • Crystallography
    • Molecular structure analysis
    • Organic chemistry

    Background:

    • Understanding molecular interactions is crucial in chemistry.
    • Crystal structure analysis provides insights into intermolecular forces.
    • Hydrogen bonding plays a significant role in molecular assembly.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the crystal structure of the title compound, C(14)H(12)O(3).
    • To investigate the intermolecular interactions present in the crystal lattice.
    • To quantify the spatial arrangement of the phenyl rings within the molecule.

    Main Methods:

    • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to obtain the crystal structure.
    • Analysis of the crystal structure data to identify hydrogen bonding networks.
    • Geometric analysis to determine bond lengths, angles, and dihedral angles.

    Main Results:

    • The crystal structure of C(14)H(12)O(3) was successfully determined.
    • Molecules are linked by intermolecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming dimers.
    • A dihedral angle of 76.2(2)° was measured between the two phenyl rings.

    Conclusions:

    • The hydrogen bonding network dictates the dimer formation in the crystal structure.
    • The observed dihedral angle provides information about the conformational preferences of the molecule.
    • This study contributes to the understanding of structure-property relationships in organic compounds.