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Nitriles are reduced to amines in the presence of strong reducing agents like lithium aluminum hydride through a typical nucleophilic acyl substitution. The reaction requires two equivalents of the reducing agent. The reducing agent acts as a source of hydride ions.
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A Direct, Regioselective and Atom-Economical Synthesis of 3-Aroyl-N-hydroxy-5-nitroindoles by Cycloaddition of 4-Nitronitrosobenzene with Alkynones
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4-(3-Fluoro-4-nitro-phen-yl)morpholin-3-one.

Chang-Jiang Huang, Jiang Wu, Zhi-Qiang Cai

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |July 15, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study details the crystal structure of a fluorinated nitrobenzene derivative. Molecular analysis reveals a twist-chair conformation for the morpholinone ring and specific hydrogen bonding interactions.

    Area of Science:

    • Organic Chemistry
    • Crystallography
    • Molecular Structure

    Background:

    • Understanding the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in organic molecules is crucial for predicting their properties and reactivity.
    • Fluorinated organic compounds and those containing nitro and morpholinone groups are of interest in various chemical applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the crystal structure and molecular conformation of the title compound, C(10)H(9)FN(2)O(4).
    • To investigate intermolecular interactions, specifically hydrogen bonding, within the crystal lattice.

    Main Methods:

    • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the molecular and crystal structure.
    • Analysis of bond lengths, bond angles, dihedral angles, and intermolecular interactions was performed.

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    Main Results:

    • The dihedral angle between the benzene ring and the nitro group plane was determined to be 11.29°.
    • The morpholinone ring was found to adopt a twist-chair conformation.
    • Intermolecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds were identified, linking molecules into a chain along the a-axis.

    Conclusions:

    • The crystal structure provides detailed insights into the spatial arrangement of the title compound.
    • The observed conformation and hydrogen bonding patterns are key features of its solid-state behavior.