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Related Concept Videos

Neuronal Communication01:28

Neuronal Communication

Neurons, the fundamental units of the brain and nervous system, communicate through complex electrochemical signals that underpin all cognitive and bodily functions. This communication is primarily facilitated by a process involving the generation and propagation of an action potential along the axon of the neuron. When the internal electrical charge of a neuron surpasses a certain threshold, an action potential is triggered. This rapid change in voltage travels swiftly along the axon to the...
Overview of Synapses01:25

Overview of Synapses

A synapse is a specialized structure where two neurons connect, allowing them to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron. It is the point of communication between neurons. The term "synapse" is derived from the Greek word "synapsis," which means "conjunction." The entire process of neural communication revolves around the synapse. When activated, a neuron releases chemicals known as neurotransmitters into the synapse. These neurotransmitters cross the synapse and bind to...
The Synapse02:47

The Synapse

Neurons communicate with one another by passing on their electrical signals to other neurons. A synapse is the location where two neurons meet to exchange signals. At the synapse, the neuron that sends the signal is called the presynaptic cell, while the neuron that receives the message is called the postsynaptic cell. Note that most neurons can be both presynaptic and postsynaptic, as they both transmit and receive information.
Neural Circuits01:25

Neural Circuits

Neural circuits and neuronal pools are two of the main structures found in the nervous system. Neural circuits are networks of neurons that work together to carry out a specific task or process. They consist of interconnected neurons and glial cells, which provide structural and metabolic support.
Neuronal pools are collections of nerve cells with similar functions and interact through chemical and electrical signals. These pools include both interneurons (the central neural circuit nodes that...
Propagation of Action Potentials01:23

Propagation of Action Potentials

The propagation of an action potential refers to the process by which a nerve impulse, or "action potential," travels along a neuron.
Neurons (nerve cells) have a resting membrane potential, with a slightly negative charge inside compared to outside. This is maintained by ion channels, such as sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) channels, which control the flow of ions. When a stimulus, like a touch or a signal from another neuron, triggers the neuron, sodium channels open, allowing sodium ions to...
Synaptic Signaling01:09

Synaptic Signaling

Neurons communicate at synapses, or junctions, to excite or inhibit the activity of other neurons or target cells, such as muscles. Synapses may be chemical or electrical.
Most synapses are chemical, meaning an electrical impulse or action potential spurs the release of chemical messengers called neurotransmitters. The neuron sending the signal is called the presynaptic neuron, and the neuron receiving the signal is the postsynaptic neuron.
The presynaptic neuron fires an action potential that...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Real-time Electrophysiology: Using Closed-loop Protocols to Probe Neuronal Dynamics and Beyond
08:08

Real-time Electrophysiology: Using Closed-loop Protocols to Probe Neuronal Dynamics and Beyond

Published on: June 24, 2015

Synchrony and asynchrony for neuronal dynamics defined on complex networks.

R E Lee Deville1, Charles S Peskin

  • 1University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 60801, USA. rdeville@illinois.edu

Bulletin of Mathematical Biology
|July 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary

We analyzed how different neuronal network structures impact synchrony. Scale-free networks show smoother synchrony changes with coupling compared to uniform or small-world networks, which behave like all-to-all networks.

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26:41

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Published on: July 31, 2007

Area of Science:

  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Network Science
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • Neuronal networks exhibit complex dynamics influenced by connectivity and randomness.
  • Understanding synchrony in these networks is crucial for deciphering brain function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model and analyze stochastic pulse-coupled neuronal networks with diverse sources of randomness.
  • To investigate how different network topologies affect neuronal synchrony.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a computational model for stochastic pulse-coupled neuronal networks.
  • Analysis of network topologies including uniform (Erdős-Rényi), small-world, and scale-free networks.
  • Examination of synchrony phenomena under varying coupling strengths and network structures.

Main Results:

  • Uniform and small-world networks exhibit synchrony similar to all-to-all networks, with a sharp onset as coupling increases.
  • Scale-free networks display a smoother dependence of synchrony on coupling strength.
  • Network synchrony in uniform and small-world cases depends mainly on mean connectivity, while scale-free networks are sensitive to local details, especially around hubs.

Conclusions:

  • Network topology critically influences the nature and onset of synchrony in stochastic neuronal networks.
  • Scale-free networks possess distinct synchronization properties compared to more homogeneous topologies.
  • The detailed structure of scale-free networks, particularly hub neighborhoods, plays a significant role in their dynamics.